Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left
Section A
一．學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1．知識(shí)目標(biāo)：
1 . Words and phrases 2. Talk about the Past Perfect Tense.
2．能力目標(biāo)：能在具體語(yǔ)境中正確運(yùn)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
3．情感目標(biāo)：正確認(rèn)識(shí)到不及時(shí)做某事的危害，并了解有關(guān)愚人節(jié)的情況。
二．學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：重點(diǎn)詞匯用法及過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法。
學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法。
三．學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程:
（一）預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)：What do you usually do in the morning before school?
Do you like mornings? Why or why not?
（二）自主學(xué)習(xí)：3a .
（三）合作探究：Describe the situations in which these things happened.
（四）梳理歸納：
1. By the time I got outside， the bus had already left.
到我出去的時(shí)候，汽車(chē)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。
1by the time 意思為“到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹埂?，指從過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)到從句所示的時(shí)間為止的一段時(shí)間，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 Eg：
（1）他趕到廣場(chǎng)時(shí)我們已經(jīng)貼完所有的告示了
By the time he the square ,we all the signs .
（2）我們進(jìn)入到大廳時(shí)，他們已經(jīng)點(diǎn)好了菜
____ ____ we entered the hall ,they the dishes.
2had left 是過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。
（1） 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。
（2） 其結(jié)構(gòu)是由“助動(dòng)詞had（用于各種人稱(chēng)和數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。
（3） 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法:
（一）表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前（也稱(chēng)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”）已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，常與“by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)連用。 Eg：
（1）By 2003, he at that school for 5 years.
到2003年為止，他已在那所學(xué)校教書(shū)5年了。
（2）Before 9 o’clock last night he home .
昨晚9點(diǎn)之前，他就回家了。
（二）表示在過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作之前就已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與when, before等引導(dǎo)的從句連用，表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后。
Eg：1. 瑪麗出去散步之前已把作業(yè)完成了。
Mary her homework before she went out for a walk.
2.當(dāng)我到達(dá)辦公室的時(shí)候老師已來(lái)。
When I reached the office the teacher
3.他們?cè)谔旌谇暗竭_(dá)了目的地。
They _________ __________ the destination before it was dark. .
(三)用于賓語(yǔ)從句和間接引語(yǔ)中
他說(shuō)他去過(guò)那里兩次。 He said he there twice.
他告訴我他已經(jīng)打掃了教室。He told me that he the classroom.
2、I’ve never been late for school ,but yesterday I came very close .
我上學(xué)從來(lái)不遲到，但昨天我差一點(diǎn)遲到了。
close 在句中是副詞，意思為“接近地，靠近地”。close 還可以做形容詞，“親密的、親近的”；用作動(dòng)詞，“關(guān)閉”。 Eg：
（1）銀行附近有家大型超市（副詞）There is a supermarket________ _______the bank .
（2）他是我親密的朋友。（形容詞） She is my __________ _________ .
（3）這家店星期天不開(kāi)門(mén)（動(dòng)詞） The shop is ________ on Sunday .
3、on
ly just “剛剛才、恰好”4、make it 意思為“辦成功、做到” eg：
不調(diào)查你就不可能做好。 You can’t ______ ______without making a survey .
四．典題賞析：
1、My alarm clock didn’t go off. 我的鬧鐘沒(méi)有響。
go off 是動(dòng)詞詞組，意思為“（鬧鐘）鬧響” eg：
（1）他們一進(jìn)去，警鐘就響了。 The alarm ________ ________ when they got in.
此外，go off 還可以表示“變質(zhì)，變壞”的意思。 Eg：
（1）牛奶在熱天很容易變壞 Milk ________ _______ quickly in hot weather .
（2） 糟糕，牛肉已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了 Bad luck ！The beef _______ ______ ________
2、I had to really rush. 我真的得趕快了。
rush 動(dòng)詞“沖、奔、闖、催促、匆忙地做”等意思 eg：
（1）他們沖出去看交通事故。 They ________ _______ see the traffic accident
（2）讓我考慮考慮，別催我。 Let me think about it and don’t _______ ________.
3、…then ran off to the bus stop 然后我就趕快去汽車(chē)站。
run off 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“跑掉、迅速離開(kāi)”等意思。 eg：
騙子帶著所有的錢(qián)逃跑了。 The cheat _______ _______ with all the money .
五．中考鏈接：（2007，湖南）
（ ）1.Gina overslept this morning because her alarm clock didn’t ______
A: get off B: turn off C: run off D: go of
（ ）2.By the time I finished dinner ,the TV show _________
A: started B: have started C: has started D: had started
（ ）3.When I got home , I ____ that I _____ to lock my bike downstairs.
A: realize, forget B: realized , forgot
C: had realized , forgot D: realized ,had forgotten
（ ）４.Ｗho can help me find the key _______ the door ?
A: to B: of C: in D: with
（ ）5.Don’t worry ！We still have five minutes to reach ___.
A: by the time B: in time C: on time D: at the time
六．能力提升：
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子:
1、到上學(xué)期末為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了10首英語(yǔ)歌曲。
By the end of last term，we 10 English songs
2、他們來(lái)這兒之前已經(jīng)完成了工作。
They the work they here.
3.I was late for school this morning ,because my （鬧鐘沒(méi)有響）
4.記住明天把作業(yè)帶到學(xué)校來(lái)。
.
5.Yesterday he ___________ (睡過(guò)頭)
6.當(dāng)我到外面的時(shí)候，汽車(chē)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。
By the time I outside, the bus .
7.他叫醒我時(shí)，愛(ài)倫已經(jīng)奔向電梯去了。
By the time he ______ me ____ ,Alan ______ ______ to the lift .
Unit 10 By the time I got outside , the bus had already left.
Section B
一．學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1．知識(shí)目標(biāo)：1. 重點(diǎn)單詞的用法
2.正確運(yùn)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)
2．能力目標(biāo)：能在具體語(yǔ)境中正確運(yùn)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
3．情感目標(biāo)：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的行為習(xí)慣.
二．學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：重點(diǎn)詞匯用法及過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法。
學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn):過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法.
三．學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程:
(一)預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)：Put these words in the correct columns in the chart.
(二)自主學(xué)習(xí)：3a
(三)合作探究：Which of the stories is the most believable? Which is the least believable? Why?
(四)梳理歸納:過(guò)去完成時(shí):
構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞 _________（無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化）+______
用法:
1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。它表示這個(gè)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生是時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”這一過(guò)去時(shí)間可用 by /at/before 等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)或 when /before/after/until等引導(dǎo)的從句或通過(guò)上文來(lái)表示. Eg:
到上個(gè)月末為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了9個(gè)單元
We _______ ________ 9 units ______ _____ ______ _____last month.
2. 表示由過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能還要延續(xù)下去常和for /since 引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)和從句連用. Eg: 她來(lái)的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)工作3個(gè)小時(shí)了。
When she_________,I_______ _________for 3 hours.
3. 用在間接引語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)從句中,放在said/told/asked/thought wondered 等動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的后面，表示在這些動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的事情。
Eg: 她想知道誰(shuí)做的這項(xiàng)工作。
She wondered _________ _______ ________ the work.
4.用在“It was the first time that…….”句型中，在此句型中主句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)
Eg: 這是我們第一次在一起說(shuō)話(huà) 。
It was the first time we ________ ________together.
5. 用于表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句中
Eg: 假如他昨天看到你，他就會(huì)問(wèn)你這件事了。
If he ________ _______ you yesterday ,he ________ __________ _______ you about it.
四．典題賞析：
1.The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer for half an hour.
A. has left B. had gone C. has been away D. has gone
2.Not on
ly his parents but also is brother to the Summer Palace. They haven ’t been back.A. have been B.have gone C.had gone D. had been
五．中考鏈接：
( )1-.Why didn’t you go to the movies yesterday?
--Because I _________it before.
A .had watched B. have seen C. have watched D.had seen （2005，陜西）
( )2. The beautiful girl wanted to marry ________the famous singer.
A. to B. with C. / D. on （2004，江蘇）
( )3.When we____ the railway station ,
the train ___ for ten minutes.
A. got to ,had been away B. reached,had left
C. arrived , has been away D. arrived at ,has left （2005，甘肅）
六．能力提升：
首字母填空:
(1) Tom o___________ this morning, and she was late for school.
(2) When she got to the shop ,she realized that she had l_______herwallet at home .
(3) On the Spring Festival , people often meet their r__________
(4)Yesterday I was late for class ,because my alarm clock didn’t g_____ off.
(5)I opened the box quickly ,but it was e______.
(6)His words was so c_____ that all the people believed him at on
ce . 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選詞填空：
close get lie water lose leave call in arrive ring to read
It was Wednesday evening and I was 1 ready to go to bed when the phone 2 . To my surprise, it was my friend Tom.He was 3___with his mobile phone and he was very upset because he had 4____his keys and he couldn’t get into his house. He thought he had 5___them at the office but nowit was midnight and the office was 6____, so he couldn’t get in to check.
Luckily ,I had the keys 7______ his house, because a month ago, he gave me a spare set ,so that I could 8________his flowers while he was on holiday .
When he finally 9________to pick them up ,it was on
e o ’clock in the morning ,and I was 10________ on the sofa fast asleep!
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