第十三章 初中英語常考知識點清單
第一步學習目標：掌握下列?？贾R點。
下列句型或短語在中考中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，請同學們務必掌握好。
1．It’s time for sth. 是…的時候了。
It’s time to do sth. 是做…的時候了。
【典型例題】
It’s time for school. =It’s time to go to school.
2. It’s + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.
It是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式短語to do sth.. 如果形容詞是表示人物的性格特征的形容詞nice, kind等時，用It’s nice/kind of sb. to do sth.的結構。
【典型例題】
It’s very difficult for me to learn English well.
It’s very nice of you to help me.
3. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費了某人（多長時間）
【拓展】
Sb. spend …on sth. /spend …(in) doing sth. 在…上花費（時間/金錢）
pay for 花費（金錢）
sth. cost sb. money 某物花費了某人多少錢
【典型例題】
(1) It took me two hours to do my homework.
I spent two hours doing my homework.
(2) I spend an hour reading English every day.
It takes me an hour to read English every day.
(3) He paid ten yuan for the book.
He spent ten yuan on/buying the book.
The book cost him ten yuan.
4. What/How about …? …怎么樣？
后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞短語。
提建議的句型還有：Shall we …? Let’s …
【典型例題】
What/How about going swimming tomorrow?
Good idea!/That sounds good!
5. What’s wrong with sb./sth.? …怎么啦？
同義句有：What’s the matter/trouble/problem with sb./sth.?
【拓展】
There is something with …. …出毛病了。
=… is broken. / … doesn’t work.
【典型例題】
What’s the matter with you?
There is something with my computer.
6. It seems/seemed that … 看起來…
該句型也可換為sb./sth. seems/seemed to do sth.
【典型例題】
It seemed that he knew the news.
=He seemed to know the news.
7. as + adj./adv. +as 和…一樣
not as/so +adj./adv. + as 不如…
這兩個比較句型分別表示甲與乙在某一方面程度相當或不等。注意形容詞或副詞都要用原級。
【典型例題】
(1) He lives as happily as us.
(2) He looks as happy as us.
(3) He didn’t get up as/so early as I.
I got up earlier than he.
8. would like (縮寫為’d like) 想，愿意…
此句型多用于禮貌地提出要求或表示愿意提供幫助時，后接名詞或動詞不定式。同義句型為want to do sth.和feel like doing sth.
【典型例題】
(1) --Would you like some coffee?
--Yes, please. /No, thanks.
(2) --Would you like to go shopping with me?
--Yes, I’d like/love to.
(3) I want/would like to go hiking.
(4) I don’t feel like eating anything now.
9. had better do sth. 最好做某事
had better not do sh. 最好不要做某事
【典型例題】
(1) If you’re ill, you’d better see the doctor.
(2) It’s raining now. You’d better not go out.
10. both …and … 兩者都…，既…又…
both與and連用，可連接兩個并列的詞和短語，連接兩個主語時，謂語用復數(shù)形式。
【拓展】
not only …but also… 不但…而且…
either …or… 或者…或者…；兩者之一
neither …nor … 既不…也不…；兩者都不
上述三個短語連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞用就近原則。
【典型例題】
(1) Not only he but also I am invited.
(2) Both Jim and Tom are students.
(3) Not only Jim but also Tom is a student.
(4) Neither Jim nor Tom is a student.
(5) You can go there either by train or by bus.
11. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
【典型例題】
(1) The book is worth reading.
(2) We are busy preparing for the final exam.
12. not …until … 直到…才…
這個句型的主句謂語動詞常用come, go, finish, leave等非持續(xù)性動詞，引導時間狀語從句。
【典型例題】
I didn’t go to bed until my father came back last night. =I went to bed after my father came back last night.
13. too +adj. +to +do sth. 太…而不能…
so + adj. + that + 從句 如此…以致…
such +(a/an) + adj. +n.+ that +從句
【典型例題】
(1) He is too young to go to school.
=He is so young that he can’t go to school.
(2) The box is too heavy for me to carry.
=The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
14. so that /in order that 以便， 為了
引導目的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞常與情態(tài)動詞may, can等連用。
【典型例題】
He takes medicine on time so that he can get well soon. =He takes medicine on time in order to get well soon.
15. 祈使句 + and +陳述句（將來時）
祈使句 + or +陳述句（將來時）
在這一結構中，祈使句表示條件，相當于一個由if引導的條件狀語從句，and/or后面的陳述句表示結果。
【典型例題】
(1) Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
=If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.
(2) Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam.
=If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam.
16. Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介意（不要）做某事嗎？
肯定回答：Of course not. /No, not at all.
否定回答：You’d better not./Better not.
【典型例題】
(1) --Would you mind not smoking here?
--Of course not.
(2) –Do you mind if I open the door?
--Not at all.
17. Could you please (not) do sth.? 請你（不要）做某事，好嗎？
【典型例題】
---Could you please not play football here?
---Sorry, I won’t.
18. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人（不要）做某事
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事
teach sb. how to do sth.告訴某人怎樣做某事
【典型例題】
(1) Jim’s father asked him not to play soccer on the street.
(2) He has told you to meet at the school gate, hasn’t he?
(3) Yesterday I taught her how to send an e-mail.
19. one of the +最高級+名詞復數(shù)+謂語動詞的單數(shù)形式+…
最…的一個…
【典型例題】
(1) Edison is one of the greatest inventors in the world.
(2) Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most beautiful waterfalls in the world.
20. one…the other… 一個…另一個…
some…others… 一些…其他的…
【典型例題】
(1) Mr. Jackson has two daughters. One is a teacher, the other is a nurse.
(2) There are fifty students on the playground. Some are playing soccer, others are running.
21. stop to do sth. 停下來做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
【典型例題】
(1) They are too tired. They have to stop walking.
(2) They are too tired. They have to stop to have a rest.
22. the +比較級，the +比較級 “越…，越…”
比較級+and+比較級 “越來越…”
more and more +多音節(jié)形容詞 “越來越…”
【典型例題】
(1) The busier he is, the happier he feels.
(2) The more, the better.
(3) He becomes fatter and fatter.
(4) I believe our country will become more and more beautiful.
23. used to do sth. 過去常常做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 習慣做某事
be used to do sth. 被用來做某事
【典型例題】
He used to get up late, but now he is used to getting up early.
24. Why not do sth.?=Why don’t you do sth.? 你為什么不…？
【典型例題】
It’s very hot in the room. Why don’t you take off your coat?
25. find it +adj. +to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事…
【典型例題】
I find it difficult to communicate with him.
26. as soon as 一…就…
引導時間狀語從句，主句是一般將來時，從句只能用一般現(xiàn)在時。
【典型例題】
I will call you as soon as he comes here.
26. not …at all=not …in the slightest 根本不，一點也不
【典型例題】
He doesn’t like math at all.
27. no longer=not …any longer 不再
no more =not… any more 不再
【典型例題】
He no longer lives in Xingyi.
=He doesn’t live in Xingyi any longer.
28. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.
show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.
bring sb. sth.= bring sth. to sb
buy sb. sth.=buy sth for sb.
lend sb. sth=lend sth to sb.
29. I think … 我認為 …
對某人或某事的看法或態(tài)度是否一致，其否定句型是：I don’t think …
【典型例題】
(1) I think you’re wrong.
(2) I don’t think you are right.
(3) I don’t think he must be in the room, isn’t he?
30. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事
【典型例題】
My English teacher always encourages me to study all the subjects.
31. There be +某物+介詞短語 “某地/時有某物”
這一句型用就近的原則，將來時為There will be…或There is going to be …
【典型例題】
(1) There is a pen and two books on the desk.
(2) There are two books and a pen on the desk.
(3) There will be a football game between Class One and Class Two this afternoon.
32. be bad/ good for ... 對…有好處/害處
【典型例題】
(1) Don’t read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.
(2) Eating more vegetables is good for your health.
33. be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕（做）某事
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
【典型例題】
(1) He is afraid of snakes.
(2) I’m afraid I can’t come to your party.
(3) Jim is afraid of speaking in public.
=Jim is afraid to speak in public.
34. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
注意：hope不能跟賓語補足語。
【典型例題】
(1) I wish you success.
(2) I wish you to have a good time.
(3) I hope you all have a good time.
(4) I hope/wish to visit Taiwan some day.
35. do/try one’s best to do sth. 盡某人最大的努力去做某事
【典型例題】
We should do/try our best to protect our environment.
36. like/enjoy/love doing sth. 喜歡做某事
be fond of doing sth. 喜歡做某事
consider doing sth. 考慮做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
practice doing sth. 練習做某事
finish doing sth. 做完某事
【典型例題】
(1)He likes/enjoys/love swimming very much.
(2) Jim is fond of playing soccer.
37. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事
【典型例題】
(1) My classmate Li Ping often helps me with my homework.
(2) He often helps the farmers (to) pick apples.
38. Let sb. (not) do sth. 讓某人（不要）做某事
【典型例題】
(1) Let him not smoke here.
(2) Let’s go swimming, shall we?
39. make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做某事
make sb. +adj./n. 使某人/物…
make sb. sth. =make sth. for sb. 為某人制作某物
【典型例題】
(1) The boss makes the workers work 12 hours a day.
(2) His mother made him a cake yesterday.
=His mother made a cake for him yesterday.
40. allow doing sth. 允許做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事
be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事
【典型例題】
(1) They allowed smoking in this room only.
(2) Please allow me to carry your bag.
(3) I think students should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
【基礎鞏固 課堂練習】
第二步學習目標：能用已學基本知識解決以下問題。
I. 用所給詞的正確形式填空。
1. It is time for us _______(start) our journey.
2. It took me forty minutes _______(finish) cleaning the classroom yesterday.
3. You’d better _______(not pollute) the river right now.
4. The book is well worth _______(read).
5. What about _______(cancel) the meeting this afternoon?
6. Could you please ______(send) me an e-mail after you make your decision?
7. Though it was raining heavily, yet they didn’t stop ______(take) a break.
8. Lei Feng was fond of ______(help) others at that time.
9. Teenagers are not allowed _______(go) out alone.
10. Don’t let the kid ______(come) into my office, will you?
II. 單項選擇。
( ) 11. It is necessary for us ______English well.
A. study B. learn C. to learn D. practice
( ) 12. She doesn’t know _______.
A. whose is that pen
B. what’s wrong with her mother
C. where should she go for a visit
D. when will her father come back home
( ) 13. It______ that the boy doesn’t like English at all.
A. seems B. sounds C. smells D. feels
( ) 14. The dictionary is _______that one. That dictionary is thicker.
A. as thin as B. as thick as C. not so thick as D. not as thinner as
( ) 15. --Would you like ______with me this evening? ---It’s a good movie.
A. going swimming B. going to the movie C. to go swimming D. to go to the movie
( ) 16. ____ you and Lucy have to go to Paris together. This is an order.
A. Either B. Neither C. Between D. Both
( ) 17. Tom didn’t go home ______ it was getting dark.
A. till B. until C. because D. since
( ) 18. There are _____many books for me to choose that I don’t know which one to take.
A. so B. too C. such D. very
( ) 19. _______finish the work on time, they have to work day and night.
A. In order to B. So as to
C. So that D. In order that
( ) 20. Study hard, _____you will pass the exam easily.
A. and B. or C. if D. /
( ) 21. --It’s cold outside. Would you mind _____the window? --No. I will do it at once.
A. open B. close C. opening D. closing
( ) 22. Could you please teach _____English, Miss Grace?
A. our B. my C. us D. they
( ) 23. He is one of the best students who ______a chance to go abroad this summer.
A. gets B. has C. have D. gains
( ) 24. Mr. Smith has two lovely daughters. One is Helen, and ______ is Lucy.
A. another B. other C. the other D. others
( ) 25. The more you listen to English, ______your English will be.
A. the harder B. the better
C. more easier D. more better
( ) 26. My grandpa ______go for a walk in the park, but now he is too old to walk.
A. is used to B. gets used to
C. used to D. was used to
( ) 27. Why ______in your homework on time? It’s too late.
A. not you hand B. don’t hand
C. not to hand D. don’t you hand
( ) 28. I found ______hard for me to get used to the life there at first.
A. one B. it C. that D. this
( ) 29. She will call me up ______ she gets to Shanghai.
A. as soon as B. until C. unless D. because
( ) 30. –How do you like math, Jim?
–To be honest, I don’t like it ______.
A. in the slightest B. in all
C. after all D. at most
( ) 31. He is _____ an English teacher now.
A. not any longer B. no longer
C. not any more D. not any more
( ) 32. ---Can you buy a flower ____ me, please? --–No problem.
A. to B. on C. for D. with
( ) 33. I don’t think you are wrong, ______?
A. do I B. don’t I C. are you D. aren’t you
( ) 34. My English teacher often encourages us _______learning English.
A. to give up B. to insist on
C. don’t give up D. insisting on
( ) 35. There _____ five people in the meeting room last night.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
( ) 36. Smoking ______your health. So please give it up.
A. is good for B. does harm to
C. was bad for D. was harmful to
( ) 37. My head teacher is very cruel. I am _____ to see her.
A. happy B. glad C. afraid D. surprised
( ) 38. I ____you to give him a hand because he needs your help.
A. hope B. wish C. think D. hate
( ) 39. Don’t worry. We will try our best ______ your grandma.
A. saving B. to save
C. give up D. to give up
( ) 40. I am busy right now, so I can’t help _____the work for you.
A. doing B. finishing C. do D. does
【質(zhì)量標準控制 考試滿分過關】
以上40小題中，做錯的題目有：
____________________________________；
解決日期是：________________________；
解決途徑：__________________________；
感謝恩人：__________________________.
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