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為了強(qiáng)調(diào)、突出某種意思，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一部分，會用到強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)?；\統(tǒng)的說，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為口語和書面語兩種強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。

1 口語的強(qiáng)調(diào)

口語中強(qiáng)調(diào)比較簡單，主要是通過重讀來實現(xiàn)的。如下句：

Tom never goes to the cinema.

1) 要強(qiáng)調(diào)Tom而不是別人從不去影院，會重讀TOM，從而形成

’TOMnever goes to the cinema.

2) 要強(qiáng)調(diào)Tom從不去影院，而不是去其他地方，會重讀theCINEMA，從而形成

Tomnever goes to the’CINEMA.

3) 而要強(qiáng)調(diào)Tom從不NEVER去影院，會重讀NEVER，從而形成

TOM’NEVERgoes to the cinema.

相對要簡單很多。

一般我們所說的強(qiáng)調(diào)，指的是書面語的強(qiáng)調(diào)。常用的就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝等一些特殊句式。

⒈ 陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+ that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人)+ 其他部分。

如：It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

⒉ 一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。如：Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

⒊ 特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?如：When and where was it that you were born?

⒋ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句例句：

針對I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。

① 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

② 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.

③ 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點狀語：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.

④ 強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

⑤注意：構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it本身沒有詞義；強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that、who，即使在強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時也如此，that， who不可省略；強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進(jìn)行時，用It was…，其余的時態(tài)用It is…

⒈ 句型為：It is/ was not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that + 其他部分

如：普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

⒉注意：此句型只用until，不用till。

但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till， until可通用;

因為句型中It is/ was not …… 已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

⒈ It is/ was …… that …… 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語時，用助動詞do/ does或did.

如：Do sit down. 務(wù)必請坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他確實給你寫了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時，務(wù)必(千萬)要小心啊!

⒉ 注意：此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/ does和did，沒有別的形式;過去時用did，后面的謂語動詞用原形。

⒈ 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的疑問形式：強(qiáng)調(diào)一般疑問句中的某一成分時，要在主句中用一般疑問句的順序。

如：Was it you that/who broke the window?

Was it in the war that he lost his son?

⒉ 強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)模式是：“疑問詞+is/was+it +that。”它同感嘆句的強(qiáng)調(diào)模式極其相似，首先將疑問句開頭的部分作為強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，套入強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，然后再將其變?yōu)橐蓡柧洹?/p>

如：Where were you born?

→Where was it that you were born?

What did you want to see?

→What was it that you wanted to see?

How many people are being trained for the special work?

→How many people is it that arebeing trained for the special work?

⒈被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分為原句的主語時，that/who之后的謂語動詞應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一致關(guān)系，從而選用恰當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~形式。

如：It is you who/that are wrong.

It is I who/that am answering the question.

⒉ 但是如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人稱代詞，按理應(yīng)用人稱代詞主格形式，但在口語或非正式文體中也可以用其賓格形式，此時that/who的謂語動詞要用單數(shù)第三人稱形式is或was。

如：It is me who is being asked the favor.

⒊ 另在Itis/was…，not…that…句型中，其謂語動詞應(yīng)與肯定部分的詞保持一致關(guān)系。

如：It is my brother,not I that studies in that school.

It is you,not your sister that are in charge of the company.

既要體現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的形式特征，又要體現(xiàn)感嘆句的自然語序。

如：How happy he looks!→How happy it is that he looks!

What a clever boy he is!→What a clever boy that he is!