九年級中考復(fù)習(xí)資料
Unit 1-Unit 2
重點句型
1. —My name’s Jenny. —I’m Gina. Nice to meet you.
2. —What’s your/his/her name? —My/His/Her name is … .
3. What’s your/his/her family/first name?
4. —What’s your telephone number? —It’s 218-9176.
5. What’s his/ her telephone number?
6. —What’s this/that in English? —It’s a ruler.
7. —Is this/that your pencil? —Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
8. How do you spell pencil?/Spell pencil./Can you spell pencil?
9. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case?
10. Call Alan at 495-3539.
重點語法
be在一般現(xiàn)在時中的基本用法:I用am, you用are,is跟著他她它。He ,she ,it用is,we, you they都用are。單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞都用are。
be的幾種形式:is, am, are —being —was, were —been
主謂一致:
主謂一致的15種??记闆r:
1. 表示時間,重量,數(shù)目,價格,長度,數(shù)學(xué)運算等的詞或短語作主語時,盡管他們是復(fù)數(shù)形式,但如果把這些復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞或短語看作是一個整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough.
2. 動詞不定式,動名詞,從句或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language.
3. 由and連接兩個成分作主語時,要根據(jù)其表示的意義來決定謂語動詞的形式。如果其表示的是一個整體的概念或指的是同一事物,謂語動詞用單數(shù),如果其表示的是兩個不同的對象時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The writer and the teacher are coming.
The poet and teacher is one of my friends.
4. 集合名詞people,police一般看作復(fù)數(shù)意義,其謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。另外一些集合名詞family,enemy,class,army等作主語時,謂語動詞是用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),要根據(jù)這些詞在句中的實際含義而定。當(dāng)他們表示的是整體意義時,謂語用單數(shù);當(dāng)他們強調(diào)個體成員時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
In England, people eat fish and chips.
The Chinese people(民族)is a great people.
5. 名詞性物主代詞mine,yours,his,hers, its,ours,theirs等作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于該代詞所表示的意義是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。
His parents are young, but mine are old.
6. 以s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式,如news,physics,politics,maths等。
No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him.
7. 由or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…等詞連接名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)和最接近的主語一致。
Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before.
8. 以there,here開頭的句子,若主語不止一個,其謂語動詞的形式和鄰近的那個主語一致。
There is a table and four chairs in the room.
Here are some books and paper for you.
9. trousers,clothes,glasses,compasses,chopsticks等作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但如果前面有a pair of短語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Jim’s trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green’s.
10. 由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名詞”或“分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。
A lot of people have been to London.
Three-fifths of the water is dirty.
11. “a number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);“the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
A great number of birds fly to the south in winter.
The number of lions does not change much if people leave things as they are.
12.代詞something,anything,nothing,everyone,anybody,nobody,each,neither,either,little,much,one等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Neither of us is a boy。
Each of them has an English dictionary。
One of the students was late for school。
13.All,some none,most,any等代詞作主語時,若其指復(fù)數(shù)概念,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;若其指單數(shù)形式,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Not all work is difficult。
Not all the students are here。
14.有些形容詞前面加上定冠詞the,如the poor,the old,the yong,the rich,the dying等用來表示一類人時,主語為復(fù)數(shù)意義,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The old are good taken care of。
15.Many a意為“許多”,但因后面跟的是單數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。
Many a student has passed the exam。
練習(xí):
1.The news for my brother。
A. are B. were C. be D. is
2.A boy with two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city。
A. were sleeping B. is asleep
C. was sleeping D. are asleep
3.Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began。
A. are B. is C. was D. were
4.Neither he nor I from Canada。We are from Australia 。
A. is B. are C. am D. be
5.Jim works hard on his Chinese and 。
A. so Lucy does B. so is Lucy
C. so does Lucy D. so Lucy is
6.Jenny and her parents going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow。.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
7.Henry,with his friends, volleyball every afternoon。
A. play B. plays C. has played D. have played
8.Fish and chips the most take—away food in England。
A. are B. is C. were D. was
9.My family early in the morning。
A. get B. gets C. has got D. have got
10.Maths my favorite subject。
A. be B. is C. am D. are
11. How time flies! Three years really a short time.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
12. liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. Of them are the pride of China.
A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None
13. –Are the twins on the football team?
-No, neither of them on the team.
A. is B. are C. were D. be
14. Not only his parents but also his grandfather to a lot of places of interest in our country since hey came here.
A. has gone B. has been C. have gone D. have been
15.There are enough in the fridge. We don’t need to buy any.
A. milk B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. apple
16. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees in the Amazon rainforest last year.
A. was cut down B. have been cut down
C. were cut down D. had been cut down
Units3-4 復(fù)習(xí)要點
1、介紹家庭成員 This/That is my sister/brother/mother…
These/Those are my parents/grandparents…
Is this/that your sister/brother…? Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
Are these/those your parents/grandparents…?
Yes, they are. /No, they aren’t.
There are 3/4/5 …people in my family. They are my father, my mother,…and I.
2、關(guān)于方位介詞或短語
表方位的介詞或短語有:in,on ,under,behind,near,next to,in front of,across from,…
My book is on my desk, my pen is in my book…
Where is the backpack/pencil…? It’s in/on/under….
Where are the books/pens/balls…? They are in/on/under….
3、把…帶去給某人 take …to e.g:Please take these things to your sister.
把…帶來給某人 bring…to e.g:Can you bring my homework to school?
二、代詞 ( 有兩種:人稱代詞和物主代詞。)
1、人稱代詞分為:第一、第二、第三人稱,且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。
2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語,一般用在動詞前(疑問句除外);賓格在句中做賓語,多用于動詞、介詞后。
3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,后面一定要跟名詞,表示該名詞是屬于誰的。
4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:
This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers.
一般看后面有沒有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞;如無,就用名詞性物主代詞。
請牢記下表:
練一練:
1、按要求寫出相應(yīng)人稱代詞。
I(賓格)_____ she(形容詞性物主代詞)_______ we(名詞性物主代詞)_________ he(復(fù)數(shù))_______ us(單數(shù))_______ theirs(主格)______ its(賓格)
2、想一想,把下表補充完整。
3、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2)The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3)Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4)_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5)_______ dresses are red. ( we ) What color are ______? ( you )
6)Show _________ your kite, OK? ( they )
7)I have a beautiful cat. ______name is Mimi. These cakes are ______. ( it )
8)Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they )
9)Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom.( we )
10)_____ is my aunt. Do you know _____ job? ______ a nurse. ( she )
11)Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
12)Don’t touch ______. _______ not a cat, _______ a tiger! ( it )
13)_________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
14)The girl behind _________ is our friend. ( she )
三、其他代詞(有反身代詞,指示代詞,不定代詞,疑問代詞,相互代詞和關(guān)系代詞)
1、反身代詞:表示某人自己的代詞
人稱 數(shù) |
單數(shù) |
復(fù)數(shù) |
第一人稱 |
myself |
ourselves |
第二人稱 |
yourself |
yourselves |
第三人稱 |
himself herself itself |
themselves |
反身代詞在句中可作賓語、同位語、表語等,在使用時應(yīng)注意它和它所指代的名詞和代詞在人稱、性、數(shù)上的一致性。
Little Jimmy can dress himself now。
小吉米現(xiàn)在能自己穿衣服了。(作賓語)
The boy in the picture is myself,not anyone else。
照片上的男孩不是別人,正是我自己。(作表語)
I myself made the mistake about your address。
我自己把你的地址搞錯了。(作同位語)
四、指示代詞
指示代詞是用來指示或標(biāo)示人或事物的代詞,表示“這個(些)”“那個(些)”,他們主要有:
單 數(shù) |
復(fù) 數(shù) |
|
近指 |
this 這個 |
these 這些 |
遠(yuǎn)指 |
that 那個 |
those 那些 |
1. this, these往往指時間或空間較近的人或物;that,those可指時間或空間較遠(yuǎn)的人和物。
This gift is for you and that one is for your brother.
這件禮物是你的,那件是你弟弟的.(this近指,that遠(yuǎn)指)
I like these games but Idon’t like those.
我喜歡這些游戲,但不喜歡那些.(these近指,those遠(yuǎn)指)
2. that,those常常用來代替前面已提到過的名詞,以避免重復(fù)。those 代指復(fù)數(shù)形式,that代指單數(shù)形式。
The computer works faster than those we bought last year。
這些計算機比我們?nèi)ツ曩I的工作速度快。
The life in the country is more peaceful than that in the city。
鄉(xiāng)村生活比城市的生活要安靜。
對于上文中所提到的事物,英語中常用that或those表示,而漢語卻常用“這”表示。如:
I had a bad cold。That’s why I didn’t attend the lecture。
我感冒了,這就是我為什么沒去聽講座的原因。
Those are the DVDs you want。
這就是你要的DVD碟片。
Units 5-6
重點句型:
Do you have a basketball?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Let’s watch TV. No, that sounds boring.
That sounds great.
Do you like hamburgers?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
I like French fries. I don’t like tomatoes.
重點語法:名詞
一.名詞的分類:名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞。專有名詞指個人,地方,機構(gòu)等專有名稱. 如:China, Shanghai, Li lei。普通名詞又分為個體名詞: 某類人或東西中的個體.如fighter, gun, country, 集體名詞:若干個體組成的集合體.如 family, team, police, class
物質(zhì)名詞:無法分為個體的實物。如 cotton, tea, air,
抽象名詞: 動作, 狀態(tài), 品質(zhì), 感情等抽象概念. 如: health, happiness.
個體名詞和集體名詞又叫做可數(shù)名詞.
物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞又叫做不可數(shù)名詞.
二.名詞的數(shù)。可數(shù)名詞都有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。
Ⅰ: 規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則如下:
1.一般情況加s : books, mouths, houses, girls
2.以s,sh,ch, x結(jié)尾的es: classes, boxes, matches
3.輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的變y為i,再加es: cities,countries, parties,factories
4.以o結(jié)尾的詞多數(shù)+es heroes Negroes potatoes tomatoes
zeroes / zeros
以 o 結(jié)尾并且詞尾有兩個元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos , (pianos ,kilos photos是特殊)
5.以f, fe 結(jié)尾的改f,或fe為v,再+es,例如:leaves, lives, wives knives, halves, wolves
The thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life.
但是,也有一些+s,如roofs, proofs, gulfs, beliefs,
handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
Ⅱ: 不規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則:
1. man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet,
child—children, mouse—mice,
2.單復(fù)數(shù)相同: sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese,
fish如表示不同種類的魚時復(fù)數(shù)是fishes;
There are many kinds of fishes in that lake.
3.以man, woman 修飾名詞構(gòu)成合成詞時,兩個詞都變化.
man servant—men servants(男仆). (boy/girl students)
woman doctor—women doctors.
4.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式:
son-in-law----sons-in-law (主體名詞變化)
film-goer----film-goers, grown-up----grown-ups
(如果沒有主體名詞,在詞尾加復(fù)數(shù))
5.字母,阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般加“’s ”或“s”.
There are two l’s in the word “ all ”.
It happened in the 1960’s /1960s.
I will not accept your if’s and but’s.
6.物質(zhì)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù),有時用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示不同種類,
wheats, fruits, vegetables,有時表示更廣的詞義,
wood—woods, water—waters, sand—sands
7.定冠詞加姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)表示一家人。 the Turners,
the Smiths, the Wangs.
8.集體名詞people, police, cattle 總是作復(fù)數(shù),
( people 作民族,種族時有單復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式)
Many cattle are kept.
Several police were on duty.
The Chinese are a brave and hard-working people.
The English are a funny people.
9.集體名詞class, public, family, population, team, crew, committee 等單復(fù)數(shù)都有,但意義不同。
The class is big.---- The class are taking notes in English.
The population in China is larger.---- 80% of the population
in China are peasants.
10. hair, fruit 通常作單數(shù),表示總體。
His hair is grey. a rich harvest of fruit
如果表示若干根頭發(fā),表示種類的水果時,可以加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾。
He had a few white hairs.
What fruits are on sale in this season ?
11.以s 結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞只作單數(shù)。mathematics , physics, politics, 等。(news)
12.glasses, trousers, scissors, shoes, spectacles,等常用復(fù)數(shù);但如果這些詞前用 a pair of …// this pair of…//that pair of…等修飾時謂語動詞有pair 來決定。
Where are my glasses ?
My new pair of trousers is too long.
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
13.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如果表示“一個”的概念,可用單位詞。
a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal…
a bottle of ink, a grain of rice , a cake of soap…
說明:可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間并沒有截然的界限;可數(shù)名詞可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椴豢蓴?shù)名詞,同樣不可數(shù)名詞也可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞,要看清整個上下文的具體內(nèi)容。
三. 名詞的所有格。
Ⅰ.有生命的名詞所有格的構(gòu)成:
A.一般在詞尾’s. the teacher’s office, Xiao Li’s sister’s husband’s mother.
B. 以 s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加’ workers’ rest homes. the masses’ request
C. 不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞加’s.
children’s toys Women’s Day
D:復(fù)合名詞只在最后一個詞的后面加’s. my sister-in-law’s brother.
E:表示共同所有的幾個名詞,只在最后一個詞的后面加’s.
This is Tom, James and Dick’s room.
F:表示各個所有關(guān)系的幾個名詞,在每個名詞后分別加’s.
Jenny’s, Jean’s and Mary’s rooms face to the south.
G:名詞短語只在最后一個詞后加’s.
a quarter of an hour’s talk.
Ⅱ. 名詞所有格的用法:
1. 名詞所有格主要用于表示有生命的名詞,表示所屬關(guān)系。
Lei Feng’s dairy. the Working People’s Palace of Culture.
2.也可用于表示時間的名詞。
today’s paper. an hour’s drive. Friday’s work.
3. 也可用于表示地理、國家、城市等名詞。
the country’s plan. the farm’s fruit. China’s population.
4.也可用于表示由人組成的集體名詞。
our Party’s stand(黨的立場)
5. 也可用于表示度量、價值的名詞。
two dollars’ worth of books. a pound’s weight.
(現(xiàn)代英語中,這種用法越來越多。)
Ⅲ.凡不能用’s 屬格的情況可用 of 屬格表示所屬關(guān)系。
the City of New York. a map of China.
特別是下列情況要用of 屬格:
⑴當(dāng)名詞有較長的定語時,
the name of the girl standing at the gate.
Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday.
⑵所修飾的名詞前有數(shù)量詞時,
a play of Comrade Li’s. some friends of my brother’s .
⑶所修飾的名詞前有一個指示代詞時,
that performance of the teachers’ .
Ⅳ.雙重所有格:
當(dāng)of前面的名詞有不定冠詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞或數(shù)詞如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修飾時,用雙重所有格,雙重所有格只用于表示人的名詞并且都是特指的。
a poem of Lu Xun’s . a friend of his/hers .
Which novel of Dicken’s are you reading ?
some friends of my brothers’ .
5.幾種特殊情況:
the key to the door. keys to the exercises.
notes to the text answers to the question
tickets for the film//movie
a check for $1500. anyone else’s book.
the monument to the people’s heroes.
the entrance to the station//cinema
在現(xiàn)代英語中of屬格大都可用’s 所有格代替。
相關(guān)練習(xí):
1---I feel tired. I have so much work to do and don’t have much time for myself,
--you should take ________i think.
A health B time C lesson D erecise
2--Ask the naughty boys not to manke any _______.
I can’t fall asleep.
A noise B sound C voice D singing
3.During Christams people get together and sing Christams songs for ________
A thanks B wishes C interest D fun
4.we have _________at seven in the morning.
A breakfast B lunch C supper D dinner
5 –Please give me a____ when you arrive.
--OK. I’ll tell everything as soon as I get there.
A hand B present C ring D ride
6.We watch evening news on Channel I of ______at 7:00 in the evering .
A.MTV B CAAC C.CCTV D. WTO
7---Can you tell me when ________is ?
---Yes. It’s on the third Sunday in June.
A Mother’s Day B.Father’s Day
C. Tree Planthing Day D .Thanksgiving Day
8.Where is Tom ? He’s left a ________ saying that he has something important to do .
A excuse B sentence C message D news
9 If you want to know the meaning of a word ,you can look it up in a _________.
A diary B diagram C newspaper D dictionary
10.The waiter or the waitress usually gives us a ______ before we order dishes in a restaurant.
A menu B bill C list D form
11.Some ________are flying kites near the river
A child B boy C boys D childs
12.---What would you like to drink,girls?
A Two cup of coffee B Two cups of coffee
C Two cups of coffee D Two cup of coffees
13.My school is about twenty _________walk from here
A minute B minutes’ C minute’s D minutes
14.It’s _______bedroom . It’s clean and tidy.
A .Lily ang lucy B .Lily ang Lucy’s
C .Lily’s ang Luck D. Lily ang Luck’s
15. They are those _____bags. Please put them on the bus
A visitor B visitors C visitor’s D visitors’
16. A lot of stone tables and chairs are _____of the river and the number of them is growing _______
A on both side ,greater B on each sides ,more
C on both sides, larger D on each side , more
17. I am thirsty. Would you bring me ______, please?
A some bread B some water C some cakes D some eggs
18.These Germans want to have some ______for supper, so they decide to catch________now.
A. fish ,many B. fishes ,much C fish , much D fishes ,many
19. The guide has some new ______.She can show them to us
A rice B food C jacket D pictures
20 I’m afraid that there is no ______for you in my car ,because there are already five people
A land B fround C room D floor
Units7—8
重點句型
1 How much is the red sweater?It’s eight dollars.
2 How much are these white pants?They’re ten dollars.
3 Can I help you ?What color do you want ?Here you are .I’ll take it/them.
4 When is your birthday?My birthday is January fifteen.
5 How old are you?I’m thirteen.
6 When is the school trip?It’s April 19th.
重點語法
基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及用法構(gòu)成:
1.1-12的表述1-12各有各的形式,即one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
2.13-19的表述13-19的數(shù)字皆以-teen[ti:n]結(jié)尾,其中,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen和nineteen分別由four,six,seven,eight,nine加后綴-teen變成的,eighteen中只保留一個t。thirteen,fifteen分別由three和five轉(zhuǎn)花而來。
3.20-90數(shù)字的表達(dá)20-90的數(shù)字皆以-ty結(jié)尾,其中,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety分別由six,seven,eight和nine加后綴—ty構(gòu)成,eighty中只保留一個t。其他同上。
4.20-99之間的數(shù)字的表達(dá)20-99之間的數(shù)詞須在十位和個位之間加連字符“-”,如twenty-five。
5.百位以上的數(shù)字的表達(dá)以及讀在表達(dá)百位以上的數(shù)字時,必須在百位,十位和個位之間加and,在讀音時也應(yīng)讀上and,如:104可表達(dá)為one hundred and four,486讀作four hundred and eighty-six。
6.“萬”的表達(dá).英語中沒有萬和億單詞,只有百(hundred),千(thousand),百萬(million),十億(billion)。英語中表示“萬”時,用10千。如:forty thousand四萬。表示“億”時需用百萬來表示。如:two hundred million兩億。
7.1,000以上的數(shù)字,從后向前數(shù)。每三位數(shù)加“,”。第一個“,”前為thousand,第二個“,”前為million,第三個“,”前為billion.3,333,333,333讀為three billion,three hundred and thirty-three million, three hundred and thirty-three thousand,three hundred and thirty
8.hundred,thousand,million 前有若有具體數(shù)字時,要用單數(shù)形式,但如果他們后面有of ,則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。同時,前面不能再加具體的數(shù)目。
序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及用法
1 第一,第二,第三分別為first,second,third.
2 第四到第十九都有相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加th構(gòu)成,有幾個特殊,即fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.
3 第幾十把y改為 i加eth.. twentieth,ninetieth
4 序數(shù)詞之前要加定冠詞或代詞。但序數(shù)詞表名詞時,可不用冠詞。Who won first?
序數(shù)詞表“再一”,“又一”時不用定冠詞,只需在前面加a
He failed once .Then he tried a second time.
5序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式是在數(shù)字后面直接加上序數(shù)詞最后兩個字母構(gòu)成。1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,22nd,34th……
6 100以上的序數(shù)詞的表示方法 第100為100th (讀作 one hundredth),101st 讀作one hundred and first,其他的依次類推
分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法
1 分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法:分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大與一時,分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
2|3 two thirds 3|5 three fifths
2 整數(shù)與分?jǐn)?shù)之間用and 連接。 One /an hour and a half
3 分?jǐn)?shù)的用法結(jié)構(gòu)為“分?jǐn)?shù)+of+the+名詞”表示“。。。。的幾分之幾”,當(dāng)其作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于短語中名詞的復(fù)數(shù)
One third of the shop assisstant in this departmentstore men
年月日的表達(dá)法
公元1900年:讀作 nineteen hundred.
公元1908年:nineteeen and eight或nineteen hundred and eight 或one nine oh eight
2004年11月25 日:November 25(th),2004(thNovemb讀作November (the) twenty-fifth,two thousand and four.
在表示時間時,英語中常用日—月—年或月---日---年的順序。如2004年6月1日在英語中可寫為:June1,2004或1 June ,2004 或1/6/2004 或1.6,2004。在美國也可寫為 6/1/2004或6.1,2004
時間的表達(dá)法
8:21讀作twenty-one past eight 或eight twenty –one
8:56 讀作four to nine 或eight fifty-six
8:30 讀作eight-thirty 或 half past eight
在表達(dá)時刻時,如果在30分鐘內(nèi),可用past 和after,如9:25 作 twenty –five past nine 或twenty-five after nine.如果超過30分鐘,則用to ,如9:55讀作 five to ten
1,-What’s the date today?-It’s _________.
A Saturday. B June C June 1st
2,Can you see any potatoes in______picture?
A the second B second C, two
3,I hear we will have a_________holiday in___________.
A, two day’s, two day’s time B, two-day, two days’ time
C, two days, two-day time
4,The_____man on the left is Beckham, a famous football player.
A, two B, second C, three
5,He believed his lucky number was ten, so he decided to live on the _____ floor.
A lowest B, ten C, tenth
6,-Which class won the match in the end?
-I’m not quite sure. Maybe_________ did.
A, Class Third B, Class three C, third Class D, Class Three
7-How often are the Olympic Games held?-_______ four years.
A, Every B, Each C, In D, For
8-Could you please tell me what time it is now? -Certainly, it’s_________.
A, ten and twenty B, twenty past ten C ten twenty D,both B and C
9 Although I failed four times, my father encouraged me to have a_______try.
A second B, third C, fourth D fifth
10 LiuXiang, 21 , is an Olympic winner in the ________hurdles(跨欄).We’re proud of him.
A,110-metre B,110-metres C,110 metre
11Harbin is a beautiful city.__________ people come here to visit the Sun Island every year.
A,Thousands B,Thousand of C,Thousands of
12,Nanjing is a city with many places of interest.______ tourists come here every year.
A,Thousand of B, Thousand C, Thousands D, Thousands of
13,-How many people are there in Changsha? -About six ______.
A, million B, millions C, millions of
14,-How many students are there in your newly built school? -Two thousand in _________classrooms.
A, four B, fourth C, forty D, the fortieth
15,Our summer holiday is coming. Two _______ the students in our school will go to the beach.
A, hundred B, hundred C, hundred of D, hundreds of
16,The old tower looks nice. It’s about________.
A, twelve-meter-high B, twelve-meters high
C, twelve-meter high D, twelve meters high
17,In the past few years, many tall buildings have been built in our city. The tallest is an ________that stands in the centre.
A,80-floor building B,60-floor buildings
C,80-floor buildings D,70-floors building
18,-Do you know when the PLA was founded?- __________.
A, On October 1,1949 B, On August 1 ,1927
C, On July 1,1921 D, In May, 1922
19,-What’s the population of the world? -It’s more than __________.
A, five billion B, six billion C, seven billion D, eight billion
購物時的日常用語
1 我能幫你嗎?
What can I for you ?Can (may) I help you? Is there anything I can do for you? May I do something for you?
2 Which shirt…..do you like? What size (color, kind….)do you want ?What about these (those)?What else do would you like?
3 Can you show me…?I would like (want)some …Have you got any ….?I’m looking for …?May I have a look at it /them? It’s too big /small .How much is it?(are they)Can it/(they) be cheaper?That’s much too dear.How much do you want ?I’ll take it/them
Unit 9—Unit 10
重點短語
1. go to a movie去看電影 2. learn about 了解
3. on weekends 在周末 4. speak English 說英語
5. play the guitar 彈吉他 6. play chess 下象棋
7. be good with 與……相處很好
8. help sb. with sth./doing sth. 幫助某人做某事
9. play the drums 打鼓 10. play the piano 彈鋼琴
11. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
12. do Chinese Kungfu 表演中國功夫
重點句型
1.-Let’s go to the movies. –Sure. That sounds interesting.
2. –What kind of movies do you like? –I like action movies.
3. –Do you want to go to a movie?
–Yes, I do. I want to see an action movie.
4. -Does he/she want to go to a movie?
-Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn’t.
5. I like thrillers and I also like action movies.
I like comedies but I don’t like documentaries.
6. What kind of shows are scary?
7. Who is your favorite actor?
8. Let’s join the basketball club.
9. What about you?
10. -Which club do you want to join? -I want to join the art club.
11. -Can you play the guitar? -Oh, yes. And I can play it well.
12. Can you help the kids with swimming?
13.- What can you do? -I can dance.
重點詞語
1. want的用法: 及物動詞,后面可接名詞,代詞, 動詞不定式,還可以用want sb. to do sth..
I want to go to a movie. I want him to come to my birthday party.
2. say, talk, speak tell的區(qū)別:
Say是及物動詞, 強調(diào)說話內(nèi)容, 后要跟賓語,但賓語只能是 “話”而不能是人.
What did he say about it?
He says, “Let me help you.”
Talk強調(diào)談話的動作,不強調(diào)談話的內(nèi)容,可以和speak替換。后接to 或with sb 表示“與某人談話”。 接about 或of 表示談話的內(nèi)容。
What are you talking about? He’s talking to us about you.
Tell 后面接雙賓語或復(fù)合賓語, 表示“告訴,講述”。
Miss Gao often tells us English stories in class.
Speak強調(diào)說話的能力,方式和對象,不強調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容。作及物動詞用時后只接語言;作不及物動詞用時后常接to sb或with sb表示“與……說話”,接about 或of,表示“談到……”,speak也常作為打電話用語。
She speaks English very well. He is speaking at the meeting.
I’d like to speak to you about my son.
冠詞的用法
一、 不定冠詞的用法
1.表示某一類人或某事物中的任何一個,經(jīng)常用在第一次提到某人或某物時,用不定冠詞起介紹作用,表示一個。
I am reading an interesting story.
There is a tree in front of my house.
2.代表人或事物的某一種類,強調(diào)整體,即以其中的一個代表一類。用來列舉此類人或事物中的任何一個都具有某種能力或某種特征。
A horse is useful to mankind. A bird can fly.
3.代表所屬的類別,這種用法表示人或事物的身份、性質(zhì)等。
My father is a doctor.
My wish is to become a teacher when I grow up.
4.用在事物的“單位”前,如時間、速度、價格等有意義的名詞之前,表示“每一”。
We often go to school twice a day.
Take this medicine three times a day and very soon you’ll feel better.
5.用力指某人某物,但不具體指任何人或任何物,只說明大體情況。
A boy came to see you a moment ago. I got this tool in a shop.
We need a car now. She is ill, she has to see a doctor.
6.用于某些固定詞組。
a few 幾個 a little 有點 a lot of 很多
have a good time 玩得高興 have a rest 休息一下
She has a few friends in this city. There is a little milk in the bottle.
7.不定冠詞的習(xí)慣用法。
英語中的很多習(xí)慣用法中都含有不定冠詞,一般沒有明確的規(guī)律可遵循,只能通過更多的積累和反復(fù)的實踐才能牢固掌握。常見不定冠詞的習(xí)慣短語歸納如下:
a moment ago 一會兒前 twice a week 每周兩次
for a time 一段時間 in a while 一會兒后
in a moment 一會兒后 just a moment/minute 一會兒
after a time/while 一段時間之后
二、 定冠詞的用法
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,以區(qū)別于同類中其他的人或事物。
The bag in the desk is mine. Is this the book you are looking for?
2. 指上文中已提到過的人或事物或談話雙方都知道的人或事物。
I bought a book from Xinhua book-shop.The book costs 15 yuan.
Would you mind turning up the radio a little? I can’t hear it clearly.
3.表示世界上獨一無二的食物(主要指各種天體及世界上比較有影響的物體)或用于自然界現(xiàn)象。
the sun太陽 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空
the world 世界 the winter night 冬夜
I like to have a walk with the bright moon light in the evening.
4.定冠詞與單數(shù)名詞連用,表示這一類人或物。
The dog is not dangerous.
用法比較
A cat has sharp eyes at night. Cats are loved by many people.
The cat can catch the mouse. The cats here don’t like fish.
前三句中的a cat, cats, the cat 都可表示泛指意義的“貓”,但之間略有區(qū)別。a cat 突出強調(diào)這類事物中的任何一個;cats突出強調(diào)貓這一群體;the cat是與其他事物相對照而言的。第四句中的the cats 是特指。
5.定冠詞與某些形容詞連用,使形容詞名詞化,表示某一類人。
the poor 窮人 the rich 富人 the wounded 受傷者
the sick 病人 the deaf 聾子
The new is to take the place of the old.
6.用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級所修飾的名詞前。
This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited.
He is the first to come and the last to leave.
7.用于表示具體的地點、方位、具體的時間或某天的一個部分等。
We have friends all over the world.
My parents live in the peaceful countryside.
8.用在演奏樂器的名稱和文藝活動、運動場所的名稱前。
The little girl likes to play the violin.
They are going to the cinema tonight.
9.用在報刊、雜志的名稱的名詞前。
I am reading the China Daily now.
Have you got the Evening Paper yet?
10.用在江河、海洋、山脈、群島的名稱之前。
We live near the Yellow River.
The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China.
11.用在姓名復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前,表示一家人。
The Greens are very kind to us. The Whites like the classic music.
12.用于某些固定短語中。
by the way 順便 join the army 參軍listen to the radio 聽收音機 tell the truth 說實話 go to the cinema 去看電影
all the same 完全一樣 just the same 完全一樣
with the help of 在…的幫助下
on/over/through the radio 從收音機上
三、 不用冠詞的用法
1.專有名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞之前一般不用冠詞。
I think water is a kind of food , too. Money is not everything.
2.表示日常餐食名詞之前不用冠詞。
It’s time for breakfast. What do you have for lunch?
用法點津:
① 如果指具體的飲食詞前用定冠詞the。
The dinner I had at that restaurant was expensive.
② 當(dāng)三餐前有形容詞修飾時常加不定冠詞。
We had a rich lunch yesterday.
3.在季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、球類運動、棋類游戲的名詞之前不用冠詞。
Summer is hot and winter is cold here. New Year’s Day is coming.
Today is the first day of May.
Do you like to play football or baseball?
4.在集體的學(xué)科、各種語言前不用冠詞。
Can you speak English? It’s difficult to learn Physics well.
5.在家庭、單位、某一組織中處于獨一無二的地位或職位時,一般不用冠詞。
Mr. Smith, head of the group, will plan for the whole trip.
I usually help my Dad on the farm on Sundays.
6.名詞前如果出現(xiàn)this, that, this, my, Jane’s, some, any等限定詞時,其前不能再加冠詞。
This is my address. His camera is like mine.
7.某些固定詞組不用冠詞。
by air 乘飛機 on foot 步行 at night 晚上
after school 放學(xué)后 at home 在家 go to class 上課
in fact 事實上 from morning till night 從早到晚
練習(xí):
1. Tom Hanks is American actor.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
2. –Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou?
--Yes. I’ve had wonderful time.
A. / B. a C. the D. an
3. --Ellen, you look so happy.
--Well, I’ve got A in my history test.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. Millie has e-dog and its name is Hobo.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
5. ---What’s this in English? ---It’s ruler.
A. a B. the C. 不填
6. We’re going to have exam tomorrow.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
7. There is apple tree in my garden. It’s over ten years old.
A. the B. a C. an D. 不填
8. ---What can I do for you?
---I want orange blouse for my daughter.
A. an B. the C., a D. /
9. exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam.
A. What a, an B. What, a C. How an, the D. How, the
10. ---Do you know lady in blue?
A. the B. a C. an D. 不填
11. ---Excuse me, sir, which cup is yours? --- small one.
A. / B. A C. An D. The
12. history of this special Pacific island brought unusual feeling to me.
A. The, a B. A, an C. The, an D. A, a
13. This is song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it beautiful one?
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, a D. a , the
14. Look at skirt, I bought it for Mum on Mother’s Day. Isn’t it nice?
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
15. ---Mum, where is my MP3?
---It’s in black box near the computer.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
16. ---Who is man with glasses?
---Oh, he’s our new English teacher, Mr. Li.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
17. My brother studies in university. university is very far from here.
A. an, The B. a, The C. the, A D. a, A
18. Could you tell me answer to this problem? I can’t work out it myself.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
19. People like to see films on TV instead of going to cinema.
A. the, the B. 不填, the C. the, 不填
20. In the United States, Father’s Day falls on third Sunday in
June.
A. the, 不填 B. the , a C. 不填,the D. a, 不填
21. ---What can I do for you, madam?
---I want orange skirt for my daughter.
A. a B. the C. an D.不填
22. ---Did you do well in English exam?
---Yes, I got “A”.
A. the, an B. an, the C. a, / D. the, a
23. ---What are you going to be when you grow up?
---I hope to be animal doctor when I grow up.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
24. ---What’s the matter with you?
---I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.
A. a, / B. a, the C. a, a D. the, the
25. ---Did you see the football match last night?
---Yes, I’ve never seen exciting match before.
A. such a B. so a C. such an D. so an
26. ---How do you get home from ? By bus?
---No, I walk. isn’t very far.
A. school, The school B. the school, The school
C. the school, School D. school, School
27. My uncle isn’t old man, and he likes playing football.
A. a, a B. an, an C. the, the D. an, /
28. ---How far is it from our school to seaside?
---It is eight-kilometre walk from here.
A. the, an B. /, an C. the, a D. /, a
29. ---Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning.
---Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. a, a
30. There’s dictionary on desk near the window.
A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. the, the
Units11-12復(fù)習(xí)要點
一、常用句型
1、What time do you get up? —I get up at six o'clock.
2、What time does he/she go to school? —He/She goes to school at …
3、What’s your favorite subject? —My favorite subject is English.
4、What’s his/her favorite subject? —His/Her favorite subject is …
5、Why do you/does he/she like …?
Because it’s interesting/fun/relaxing…
二、時間的表達(dá)法
1、直接表達(dá)法 e.g:5:30 讀作:five thirty
2、分鐘≦30 e.g:5:30 讀作:half past five
5:25 讀作:twenty-five past five
5:15 讀作:a quarter past five
3、60>分鐘>30 e.g: 5:40 讀作:twenty to six
e.g: 5:45 讀作:a quarter to six
三、介詞的用法
一種虛詞。不能單獨作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語一起構(gòu)成介詞短語,才能在句子中起作用。有:in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from…to…, at the back of…
中考介詞主要考查要點如下:
1、介詞與其后的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成介詞短語,在句中作狀語、賓語、表語、賓補語后置定語。
2、介詞與其前面的動詞或形容詞構(gòu)成動詞詞組,后面要有賓語。這時的詞組相當(dāng)于一個及物動詞。e.g: play with, be afraid of…。
3、表示時間的介詞有:at, on, in。(1)at表示“在某一個具體的時間點上”,或用在固定詞組中。如:at ten o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…(2)on表示“在某日或某日的時間段”。如:on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning…(3)in表示“在某一段時間(月份、季節(jié))里”。如:in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005…
4、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:in blue(穿著藍(lán)色的衣服),in English(用英語表達(dá)),take part in(參加)。
5、in,to,on表示方位:in表示在某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的方位(屬于該范圍)。On表示與某一地區(qū)的毗鄰關(guān)系。to表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某一方位(不屬于該范圍)他們所表示的位置關(guān)系恰似數(shù)學(xué)中圓的“包含(in)、相離(to)、相切(on)”關(guān)系。如:
Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 臺灣位于中國東南部。
England lies to the west of France. 英格蘭在法國的東面。
Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 湖北在湖南的北面。
指地點時,in表示“國家”、“城市”等大地方,如:in shanghai, in China等。at表示某一點或用于小地點前。
注意:in表示“在……里面、內(nèi)部、某一范圍內(nèi)”,on表示“在……上”,請比較:
on the tree表示樹上長的東西“在樹上”。
in the tree表示鳥或其他東西“在樹上”。
on the wall表示東西張貼或掛“在墻上”。
in the wall表示門、窗等嵌“在墻上”。
6、某些意思比較相近的介詞用法辨析。
① across, through的用法區(qū)別
兩者都表示“穿過,越過”,across含有“從……穿過”之意,或沿某一條線的方向而進(jìn)行的動作;through含有“從……中間穿過”之意,當(dāng)表示游、渡、乘船過?;蜻^河時,用across。如:
The river runs through the city. 這條河從這個城市中間流過。
Go across the bridge, and you’ll find the park.
越過這座橋,你就會找到公園。
② over, above, on的用法區(qū)別
above 和over都表示“在……上方”, above指在上方的任意一點,表示在某物上的高低位置,不接觸,其反義詞是below;over一般指垂直方向, 其反義詞是under;on表示“在……上面”,且互相接觸。如:
There is a pen on the desk .桌子上有一支鋼筆。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座橋。
The moon is now above the trees in the east. 月亮這是已在東邊樹林的上空。
③ in, after用法區(qū)別
in和after表示時間時,都是“在……以后”的意思,in表示從現(xiàn)在算起到若干時間以后,用于一般將來時和過去將來時。after表示從過去算起到若干時間以后,用于一般過去時。in只可接時間段,after除接時間段以外,還可接時間點。如:
I’ll come back in a day or two.我一兩天后就回來。
He left on Monday and returned after three days.他星期一離開的,三天后回來的。
I’ll ring you up after two o’clock.我將在兩點鐘后給你打電話。
④ in,by, with的用法區(qū)別
in 通常表示“用……語言、聲音等”,也可表示“用……工具、材料等”;by后一般跟動名詞或抽象化的可數(shù)名次(其前不用冠詞),意為“用……手段或方式”;with表示“借助于某一具體的工具、材料或人體器官”。試比較:
They’re talking in English.他們在用英語交談。
Do you usually go to school by bike?你通常騎自行車上學(xué)嗎?
The old man had to make money by selling vegetables.那老人不得不靠賣菜掙錢。
People here build houses with stones.這里的人們用石頭砌房子。
⑤ but, except, besides的用法區(qū)別
But表示“除……之外”,常與表否定意義的詞連用。當(dāng)but前有動詞do的某種形式時,but后接動詞原形。如:
No body knew it but me.除了我之外,沒有人知道此事。
Last night I did nothing but repair my farm tools.昨晚我除了修理農(nóng)具外,沒有做其他的事。
except表示“除……之外(不再有)”,指從整體中排除except所帶的人或物,它前面常有all, every, any, no等及其復(fù)合詞。如:
The students go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.
除了星期六和星期天以外,學(xué)生們每天都上學(xué)。
We all went to visit the zoo except Li Lei.
除了李雷外,我們都去了動物園。
但在否定句中,except卻不表排斥性。如:
She knows nothing except English. 它除了英語以外,什么也不懂。
Nobody came to see me except Jim. 除了吉姆,沒有人來看我。
Besides表示“除了……之外(還有)”,它的意思是在原來的基礎(chǔ)上加上besides所包括的人或物,其前常有other, another, any other, a few等詞。如:
Do you know any other language besides German? 除了德語外,你還懂別的語言嗎?
Li Lei also went to the park besides you. 除了你之外,李雷也去了公園。
練一練:
1、選用括號內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。
1) What’s this _____( at, on, in ) English?
2) Christmas is _____ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.
3) The man ______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.
4) He doesn’t do well _____ ( at, on, in ) PE.
5) Look at those birds ______ ( on, in ) the tree.
6) We are going to meet _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop ______( at, on, in ) half past ten.
7) Is there a cat ______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?
8) Helen’s writing paper is ______ ( in, in front of ) her computer.
9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.
10) Does it often rain ________ ( at, on, in ) spring there?
2、選擇正確的答案
1) My father goes to work ______ his car.
A. by B. in C. on
2) I often go shopping with my mother _____ Sunday mornings.
A. in B. at C. for D. on
3) The foreigners arrived________Shanghai late________night
A. at, at B. in, at C. in, in D. at, in
4) A group______ boys and girls are dancing in the park.
A. with B. of C. for D. to
5) Tom always comes late_______school.
A. at B. inside C. to D. for
6) The shop____ clothes is _____the right side _____ the street.
A. of, at, beside B. for, on, at C. for, on, of D. of, in, of
7)My father returned at 10 o’clock _______of June 15.
A .in the night B .by the night C .on the night D .at night
8) China built a Great Wall ____the northern part ______the country.
A. to, in B. across, of C. across, on D. at, of
9) The woman _______a red dress is my aunt.
A .in B .at C .of D .on
10) I remember Susan left ______a very cold morning of January.
A .in B .on C .at D .from
11) No one can stop her ______leaving for Shanghai.
A .of B .from C .to D .for
12) ______ the money, she bought a new coat ______ her father.
A. With, for B. With, to C. For, with D. To, with
13)Taiwan is the southeast of China.
A. at B. on C. to D. in
14) All the clerks went home Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work.
A. except B. besides C. without D. on
15) I hear the 2006 World Cup is held in Germany June 9th July 9th.
A. on; and B. from; to C. between; on D. during; to
3、圈出下列句子中運用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。
1) Jim is good in English and Maths. __________
2) The films were in the ground just now. __________
3) They are talking to their plans. __________
4) How many students have their birthdays on May? _________
5) Women’s Day is at the eighth of March. __________
6) I can jog to school on the morning. __________
7) Did you water trees at the farm? _________
8) Can you come and help me on my English? _________
9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. __________
10) What did you do on the Spring Festival? __________
、
七下Units1-2復(fù)習(xí)要點
重點句型:
1.Where is your pen-pal from? He’s from Australia.
2.Where does she live? She lives in Sydney.
3.What language does she speak? She speaks English.
4.Is there a bank near here?
Yes, thre is. It’s on the Center Street.
5.Where’s the supermarket? It’s next to the library.
6.Is there a pay phone in the neighborhood?
Yes, it’s on Bridge Street on the right.
語法:一般現(xiàn)在時
1.一般現(xiàn)在時用法
(1) 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作,常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用。
比如: always, often, usually, every day / week / month / year, sometimes, on Sunday等
I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.
(2)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。 I am a student.
(3)表示主語所具備的性格和能力。I like red. I can spenk English.
(4)客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
(5) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
★注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..哥倫布證實地球是圓的.
2.一般現(xiàn)在時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成主要有兩種情況:
(1)be動詞作謂語:句子的謂語動詞只有be(am,is或are):
a.肯定句中,只出現(xiàn)be, 如:I am a student.我是一名學(xué)生。
b.否定句中,要在be后面加not,如:She isn't a teacher.
c.一般疑問句,要將be放在句子開頭(注意首字母大寫,句尾用問號),答語用Yes,主語+be.或No,主語+be+not.如:
—Are you ready?—你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?
—Yes,I am. (—No,I'm not.)
(2)實義動詞作謂語:句中的謂語動詞為實義動詞(也叫行為動詞)
a.肯定句中,只出現(xiàn)實義動詞,如:I get up at 6:00 in the morning.
★注意:如果主語是單數(shù)的第三人稱,謂語動詞必須用單數(shù)第三人稱形式(簡稱:單三式, 動詞變單三式的規(guī)則如下附錄))
b.否定句中,要在實義動詞前面加do / does+not+行為動詞原形,(doesn't,僅對主語是第三人稱單數(shù))
如:I don't like vegetables.我不喜歡蔬菜。
My father doesn’t like Beijing Opera. 我父親不喜歡京劇。
c.一般疑問句,要在句子開頭加助動詞Do/Does,句尾用問號,
簡略答語用Yes,主語+do / does.或No,主語+do / does+not.
如:—Do you like oranges?
—Yes,I do. (—No,I don't.)
★附錄:實義動詞作謂語時,如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動詞單三式的變化規(guī)則如下:
1.一般情況加s,例如:looks, listens, visits
2. 以ch, sh, s, x或o結(jié)尾的詞,加-es,例如:teaches, washes, guesses, goes, does
3. 輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i再加-es,例如:carry-carries
(特殊:have 的單三式為has)
一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:
一.單項選擇.
1.Every year many foreigners ______ to China to learn Chinese.
A.have come B.comes C.came D.come
2.----Is your father a doctor?
-----Yes,he is. He ______ in Taiwan Hospital.
A.has worked B.had worked C.works D.worked
3.-----I won’t go to bed until the TV play ______ over.
------You’d better not do that. A.was B.is C.wil D.will be
二.用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We ____________ (not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick ___________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
10. Mike _______(like) cooking.
11. They _______(have) the same hobby.
12. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
13. You always _______(do) your homework well.
14. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
15. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
16. Liu Tao _______(not like) PE.
17. The child often __________(watch) TV in the evening.
三.按照要求改寫句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)
________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句,并作否定回答)
________________________________________
3.She likes milk. (改為一般疑問句,并作肯定回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句,作否定回答)
__________________________________________
5.We go to school every morning. (改為否定句)
_____________________________________
6.He speaks English very well. (改為否定句)
_____________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park. . (對劃線部分提問)
________________________________________
8.Johncomes from Canada. (對劃線部分提問)
______________________________________
9. She is always a good student. (改為一般疑問句,作否定回答)
__________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改為否定句)
_______________________________________________
四.改錯(在錯誤的地方劃線,將正確的寫在后面橫線上.
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _______________
Unit 3—4
重點句型:
Let’s see the lions.
Why do you like pandas? Why does he like koalas?
Because they’re very cute.
What do you do? I’m a reporter.
What does he do? He is a student.
What do you want to be? What does he want to be?
He wants to be a bank clerk.
短語:kind of, be from, play with, be quiet, during the day,
at night,eat leaves, in the day
知識清單:
清單一:形容詞和副詞的比較等級及用法
一.形容詞和副詞比較等級的構(gòu)成
1.規(guī)則變化
單音節(jié)及部分雙音節(jié)詞 |
情 況 |
構(gòu)成方法 |
例 詞 |
一般情況 |
加er/est |
tall-taller-tallest |
|
以e結(jié)尾的詞 |
加r/st |
nice-nicer-nicest |
|
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾 的詞 |
變?yōu)?/span>i,再加er/est |
heavy-heavier-heaviest |
|
以一個輔音字母結(jié) 尾的重讀閉音節(jié) |
先雙寫詞尾字母, 再加er/est |
big-bigger-biggest |
|
多音節(jié)詞及部分雙音節(jié)詞 |
在詞前加more/most |
beautiful--more beautiful --most beautiful |
不規(guī)則變化如下:
good/well-better-best ill/bad/badly-worse-worst
many/much-more-most little-less-least
old-older-oldest/elder-eldest far-farther-farthest/further-furthest
一.形容詞、副詞等級的基本用法
1.表示二者在性質(zhì)和程度上相同時,用“as+原級+as”
意思是“和……一樣”。 This story is interesting as that one.
2.表示二者在性質(zhì)和程度上不同時,用“not as / so+原級+as”
意思是“和……不一樣”。
He is not /as tall as his elder brother. (他沒有他哥哥高。)
3.表示A比B更…,用“than” I am older than he/him.我比他大。
比較級前還可用much, even, still, a little, far, any, …來修飾
Traveling by train is much(的多)cheaper and far(遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的)more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air.
坐火車旅行比坐飛機旅行有趣多了。
She is even(更加)more beautiful than before.
她比以前更加漂亮了。
4.三者或三者以上的人或事物進(jìn)行比較,一般使用最高級,形容詞最高級前面要加定冠詞the,副詞級前可加也可不加the,之后一般要接表示范圍的in/of短語。
An elephant is the heaviest animal in the zoo.
Tom is the tallest of all. 湯姆是所有人中最高的。
He ran fastest of all. 他是所有人中跑的最快的。
of“在……之中”表示屬性(同類人或物)。in“在……范圍之中”,與表示范圍或場所的名詞連用。最高級前的修飾語也可以是first, second, third……
The Changjiang river is the longest river in China.
5..“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越…”的意思,若形容詞或副詞是多音節(jié)詞,應(yīng)用“more and more+原級”,此結(jié)構(gòu)后不接than引導(dǎo)的從句。如:
When spring comes,it get warmer and warmer。
春天來臨時,天氣變的越來越暖和。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我們的學(xué)校正變得越來越漂亮。
6.the+比較級,the+比較級 譯為“越……,就越……”
The busier she is, the happier she feels. 越忙她感覺就越幸福。
The more you read, the more you’ll learn. 你讀的越多,了解就越多。The more quickly you get ready, the sooner we’ll be able to leave.
你越快能準(zhǔn)備好,我們就越能早點走。
7.表示倍數(shù)…times+形容詞比較級+than…
This book is twice thicker than that one. 這本書比那本書厚兩倍。
二.不等級與比較級的相互轉(zhuǎn)換
English isn’t as important as Chinese.
→English is less important than Chinese. 英文沒有中文重要。
Lilei isn’t tall as Wei Hua. 李雷沒有魏華高。
→Lilei is shorter than Wei Hua. → Wei Hua is taller than Lilei.
但是如果是單音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞就不能與less…than轉(zhuǎn)換。
清單二:使用比較級應(yīng)注意的幾個問題
1.注意比較級中的同類比較
在進(jìn)行比較時,比較的對象必須是同類事物,不是同類事物不能比較。如: 誤:His bike is newer than his father.
正:His bike is newer than his father’s.
一般來說,進(jìn)行比較的事物為了避免重復(fù),than后面的比較對象常用that或those來代替。復(fù)數(shù)名詞用those代替,不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞用that代替。如:
In winter the weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.
冬天,北京的天氣比廣州的天氣冷些。
The pictures in the books are more beautiful than those on the wall.
書上的畫比墻上的畫更美麗。
1.注意than后面人稱代詞的格
在比較級中,人稱代詞的主格和主格相比,賓格和賓格相比。
(1)當(dāng)句子的謂語動詞是不及物動詞時(或雖是及物動詞但在不引起歧義的情況下),than后面的代詞用主格.賓格都可以,兩者的意思并無明顯區(qū)別。如:He studies harder than I/me. 他學(xué)習(xí)比我用功。
We get to school earlier than he/him every day. 我們每天到校比他早
(1)當(dāng)句子中的謂語動詞是及物動詞時,than 后面的人稱代詞用主格或賓格在意思上就有差別。試比較:
I like you more than him.(=I like you more than I like him)
你和他相比,我更喜歡你。
I like you more than he.(=I like you more than he likes you)
我比他更喜歡你。
1.當(dāng)進(jìn)行比較的雙方在同一范圍內(nèi),注意要在than后表示對象的名詞前加上other一詞,將比較的一方從被比較的一方中排除出來,否則就會出現(xiàn)與自身相比的矛盾現(xiàn)象。
試譯:漢語比其他學(xué)科更受歡迎。
誤:Chinese is more popular than any subject.
正:Chinese is more popular than any other subject.
這種句子在形式上是比較級,但在意思上是最高級。通常同樣的意思卻有多種表達(dá)方式。以“他在班上學(xué)習(xí)最用功“為例,可有以下幾種表達(dá):
He studies hardest in his class.
He studies harder than any other student in his class.
He studies harder than any of the other students in his class.
He studies harder than all the other students in his class.
He studies harder than any of others in his class.
He studies harder than any one else in his class.
He studies harder than the others in his class.
He studies harder than the other students in his class.
但是若比較的雙方不在同一范圍內(nèi),則不需要other 來排除了。
如:China is larger than any country in Africa。
中國比非洲任何國家都大(中國不在非洲,故any后不要other)
2.not so/as…as…可與less…than或more…than…互換。如:
I think math is not as/so interesting as English。
= I think math is less interesting than English。
=I think English is more interesting than math。
我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)沒有英語那樣有趣。
在使用not so/as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)時,如果句子中的謂語動詞是實義動詞,not應(yīng)與助動詞do的適當(dāng)形式連用,而不能直接接在謂語動詞的后面.如:
誤:He gets up not so/as early as Jim。
正:He doesn’t get up as/so early as Jim。
3.much,a little, even, still等表示程度的副詞可用來修飾比較級,而very, too, so, quite(表示身體健康的quiter除外)習(xí)慣上不用來修飾比較級。如:
誤:I think science is very more difficult than Chinese.
正:I think science is much more difficult than Chinese.
清單三:形容詞的順序
當(dāng)多個形容詞同時修飾一個名詞時,通常按這樣的順序:限定詞+描繪性的形容詞+大小+形狀+新舊或年齡+顏色+國家或地區(qū)+材料+用途+被修飾的名詞。如:
A light white shelf.一個輕便的白色鞋架。
A short young Japanese businessman.一個身材矮小的年輕日本人.
清單四:幾組副詞的用法辨析
1.very與much表示“很”,“非常”。
very 用于寫實形容詞或副詞的原級;much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級,修飾動詞要用 much 或very much.
如:It's very nice,這個非常好.
She said she was much better than before 她說她比以前好多了。
You did it very well. 你做的很好。
I like English very much. 我非常喜歡英語。
2.so與such表示“如此”,“那么”,“這么”。
(1)so修飾形容詞或副詞,such修飾名詞,但名詞前可以有形容詞做定語。如:
I can’t be here so early.我不可能這么早來。
I’ve never seen such fine drawings.我從來沒有見過如此漂亮的圖。
(2)so修飾的形容詞后如有一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,其結(jié)構(gòu)是so+adj.+a/an+n.
試比較:She is so good a girl.
She is such a good girl.
(3)如果可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前有many, few或不可數(shù)名詞前有much,little等表示數(shù)量多少的形容詞,用so而不用such。
如:I’m afraid that he’ll forget it if he misses so many lessons.
我恐怕如果他耽誤這么多的課程他會忘掉的。
Miss Zhao got so little money a month.
趙老師每個月只領(lǐng)這么少的錢。
3.too,also與either表示“也(不)”。
too 和 also用于肯定句中,too常用于口語中,置于句末;also常用于書面語中,置于be動詞之后,行為動詞之前;either用于否定句中。如:
I’m fine, too.我也好。
We also have eleven players in a team.我們每個隊也有11個隊員。
中國的熟食也很流行。
We don’t like the same colours,either.
我們也不喜歡同一顏色。
4.ago與before,表示“在······以前”。
ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”,before指在過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”或泛指“以前”。如:
—When did you have a meeting ?
你們什么時候開的會?
—Three day ago.三周前。
Mr.Smith said that John had told him all about his past three weeks before.史密斯先生說,約翰三周前就把他的過去全部告訴了他。
I have never lost a book before. 我以前從沒有丟過書。
5.sometime,sometimes,some times 和 some time。
sometime表示將來或過去的“某個時候”;sometimes指“有時候”;some times表示“倍數(shù)、次數(shù)”。如:
New students will come to our school sometime next week. 新同學(xué)將于下周到校。
It took me some time to finish reading the book.
我花了一些時間讀完這本書。
Sometimes,I know what she’s thinking
有時候我知道她在想什么事。
Our school is some times larger than theirs.
我們學(xué)校比他們學(xué)校大幾倍。
6.Already,yet與still表示“已經(jīng)”等。
alreaday 表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生,still 表示謀事仍在進(jìn)行,主要用于肯定句,yet用于疑問句表示“已經(jīng)”,用于否定句表示“還沒有”、“尚未”等。 如:
I’ve already finished it. 我已經(jīng)完成了這項工作。
I have sung already. 我已經(jīng)唱過了。
They were still neck and neck. 他們?nèi)札R頭并進(jìn),不分上下。
Have you found your ruler yet?
你已經(jīng)找到尺子了嗎?
He hasn’t finished his work yet.他還沒有完成工作。Already 有時用于疑問句,表示出乎意料,驚訝等。如:Have you finished already?
練習(xí):
1 The air in Beijing is getting much -___now than a few years ago.
A clean B cleaner C cleanest D the cleanest
2 –We spent all our money because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in town. --Why didn’t you stay at ___ one?
A a cheap B a cheaper C the cheaper D the cheaper
3 –Remember ,boys and girls .___you work ,___result you will get.
--- We know ,MissGao
A The better ,the harder B The harder ,the better
C The hard ,the better D The harder,the good
4 Kate is really ___ .She ‘s never angry with others
A tall B friendly C lucky D clever
5 –Which is __ river in China ?---The Changjiang river
A longer B the longest C longest D the longer
6 –Do you like western food ?
---No,The food of our country is ___ that of western countryies.
A rather good than B much better than
C more better than D not so good
7 This is ___ that all of us believe it’svery important.
A such useful information B so useful information
C so useful informations D such a useful information
8 The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet bring us ___.
A the close B closer C the closer D close
9 Shanghai is larger than ___ city in India.
A any other B other C all other D any
10 –Do you like the Moonlight Sonata?---Sure ,it sounds really ___.
A clear B clearly C beautiful D beautifully
11 What do you think of the flowers? ---They look ___
A beautiful B beautifully Cmore beautifull
12 Have you ever seen Tom and Jerry?
—Sure.It is one of ____ cartoons I have ever seen.
A wonderful B the most wonderful C more wonderful
13 Kate felt ___ when she saw the lovely dress in the clothes shop.
A pleased B tired C well
14 I think the song My Heart Will Go On is _ _ one of all the movie songs.
A much more beautiful B the beautiful C the most beautifull
15 Eating more fruit will keep people__
A carefully B afraid C busy D healthy
16 “Do you want to improve your score in maths?Try staying away from your computer.”A recent report in Britain says ,”The ___ students use computers at school and at home ,the ___ they do in exams of reading and maths,”
A more ,better B less,worse C more,more D less,better
17 –Do you like English ?—Yes ,but I think it’s ___ subject of all.
A the easiest B the most difficult
C the most intesting D the most boring
18 I hear that Mike is __ student in his class .
A more careful B the most careful C careful
19 –What do you think of the bridge ?---I have never seen ___ before.
A so a long one B so long one C such a long one D a such long one
20 Do you think maths is __foreign languages?
A more difficult B less difficult C as difficult as D the most difficult
21 It’s raining ___ We have to stay at home instead of going fishing?
A badly B hardly C heavily D strongly
22 The Chinese parents always teach their children to be __ to others.
A carfully Bfriendly C lonely
23 Write __ and try not to make any mistake .
A as carefully as possible B as carfully as you can
C more carful D more carfully
24 Gao Yuecdid quite _ _ at the World Table Tennis Championship,but Zhang Yining did even ___
A better ,well B well ,well C well .better D better,well
25 Jane’s leg was _ _ painfull that he couldn’t move at all
A too B so C very
26 –do you have sports meeting?—Twice a year
A How soon B How ofren C How long
27 Don’t worry .He is ___to take care of little Betty.
A carefully enough B enough careful C careful enough
28 –We can use MSn to talk with each other on the Internet.
—Really?Will please show me ___it
A what to use B how to use C how can I use D what I use
29 Don’t worry,sir .I’m sure I can run __to catch up with them.
A fast enough B enough fast C slowly enough D enough slowly
30 –--____do you pay a visit to your grandparents?--At least four times a month though I am busy preparing for my exam.
A How many B How long C How much D How often
Units 5-6
重點詞組
1. wait for 等候,等待 2. talk to sb. 與某人談話
3. talk about 談?wù)?nbsp; 4. take photos 拍照
5. have a good time 玩得開心, 過得快樂
6. look at 看,朝…..看 7. look for 尋找, 尋求
8. in order to 為了 9. be/come from 來自于
重點句型
1. What are you doing? I’m watching.
2. What’s he doing? He’s reading.
3. When do you want to go? Let’s go at six o’clock.
4. How’s the weather in Shanghai.? /
What’s the weather like in Shanghai?
It’s cloudy/windy/raining/sunny/snowing.
5. How’s it going? Great/Not bad/Terrible/Pretty good.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法
1.表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作,常與now(現(xiàn)在), right now(現(xiàn)在), at the moment(現(xiàn)在)等時間狀語連用。
We are listening to our teacher now.
2.表示現(xiàn)階段(說話前后一段時間內(nèi))一直在進(jìn)行的活動, 常與at present(目前), these days(這些天)等時間狀語連用。
He is thinking about this problem these days.
3. 表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。
(1)移動的終止性動詞用于進(jìn)行時,表示即將要發(fā)生。此類動詞主要有come,go,run,leave,start,begin,arrive,return等。
When are you returning home?你什么時候回家?
(2)一些持續(xù)性動詞用于進(jìn)行時,表將來,表示說話者對對方將要做的事情的一種關(guān)心。
How long are you staying in Toronto?你將在多倫多呆多長時間?
二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成及形式
肯定句: 主語 + be +現(xiàn)在分詞 +…
否定句: 主語+be + not+現(xiàn)在分詞+…
一般疑問句: be +主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+…?
一般疑問句的回答: Yes, 主語+be的相應(yīng)形式
No, 主語+am not/ isn’t/ aren’t.
特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞(作主語)+be +現(xiàn)在分詞+…?
特殊疑問詞+be+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+…?
I am playing football now. I am not playing football now.
-Are you playing football now? Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.
What are you doing now?
動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成:
(1) 一般在動詞的詞尾加-ing。 如:pour→ pouring
(2) 以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的去掉e,再加-ing。 如:write→ writing
(3) 以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié),先雙寫最后一個輔音字母,再加-ing。 如:begin→ beginning
:注意:lie→ lying die→ dying tie→ tying
prefer→ preferring
三、一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別:
1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示目前經(jīng)常發(fā)生,習(xí)慣性的動作,表示客觀事實,表示主語目前的特征,姿勢和能力等;而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時則表示說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。
2.一般現(xiàn)在時表示“存在狀況”時,??刹捎帽硎緺顟B(tài)的動詞,如:be,keep,remain,stay,exist,have等,而這些動詞一般很少用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。
This rule remains to be discussed. 這條規(guī)定仍需討論。
She has a strong accent of an American. 她帶有濃重的美國口音。
3.以here,there等開頭的句子,說明正在發(fā)生的動作,謂語動詞不用進(jìn)行時,而用一般現(xiàn)在時。
Look out!There comes a fierce dog. 小心,來了條兇狗。
Listen!There goes the first bell. 聽,預(yù)備鈴響了。
4.表示動作意義的動詞,必須是習(xí)慣性的,經(jīng)常性的動作或是一般性的行為才能使用一般現(xiàn)在時,而這種動詞在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時中則往往表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。
Light travels much faster than sound. 光比聲音傳播得快多了。
I sometimes work until dawn. 我有時工作到黎明。
5.有些詞(如taste,smell,sound,look等)在一般現(xiàn)在時中是連系動詞,而在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時中則為行為動詞。
I’m looking at the picture by Picasso. It looks really nice.
我正在看畢加索的畫,它看起來太棒了。
The police dog is smelling the trace of the thief.
警犬正在嗅小偷的蹤跡。
6.在時間,條件狀語從句中,將來的動作須用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示。
If you fail again, I suggest you not lose heart.
如果你再次失敗,我勸你不要灰心。
練習(xí):
1. –Excuse me, where is lily?
-Oh, she the volleyball match on the playground.
A. watches B. will watch C. is watching D. watched
2. The summer vacation will begin next week. David to stay with us.
A. will be coming B. comes C. came D. is coming
3. –They about Super Voice Girl. Let’s join them. –Good idea.
A. talk B. are talking C. have a talk D. talked
4. Better go and ask him when he . We must see him off when he .
A. is leaving; leaves B. leaves; is leaving
C. leave; left D. left; was leaving
5. Jack is a black jacket today.
A. have on B. wearing C. being in D. dressing himself
6. There a parent-teacher meeting this afternoon.
A. is going to have B. is going to be
C. are going to be D. is going to hold
7. –Listen, what’s the noise?
-My brother the program of the World Cup in the sitting-room.
A. watches B. is watching C. has watched D. will watch
8. –What are you doing, Mom?
-I . Uncle Wang to have dinner with us tonight.
A. am cooking; is going out B. cook; goes out
C. am cooking; is coming
9. Who _____ over there now?
A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing
10. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class.
A. have B. having C. is having D. are having
11. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room.
A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries
12. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters.
A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing
13. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____.
A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep
6. Tom is a worker. He ___ in a factory. His sisters ____ in a hospital.
A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works
7. Who _____ English best in your class?
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking
8. Mrs Read _____ the windows every day.
A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans
9. We _____ music and often _____ to music.
A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening
10. She _____ up at six in the morning.
A. get B. gets C. getting
11. On Sunday he sometimes ____ his clothes and sometimes ____ some shopping.
A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does
12. The twins usually _____ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee for it.
A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have
二、填空:
1. My father always __________(come) back from work very late.
2. The teacher is busy. He __________ (sleep) six hours a day.
3. Listen! Joan _________(sing) in the classroom. She often __________ (sing) there.
4. __________ your brother __________(know) Japanese?
5. Where __________ you __________ (have) lunch every day?
6. The girl __________(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She __________(wear) a red skirt today.
三、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式
work___________ sing__________ play__________ study__________ dance__________ have__________ write__________ take__________ run__________ sit__________ shop__________ swim__________
lie__________
四、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式
work__________ read__________ clean__________ write__________ teach__________ wash__________ guess__________ watch__________ go__________ do___________ photo______ study__________ fly__________ cry__________ play__________
have__________
五、根據(jù)中文意思完成句子
1、學(xué)生們在干什么?有一些在打電話,另一些躺在沙灘上。
_____ _____ the students _____? Some _____ _____ on the phone, _____ _____ _____ on the beach.
2、“格林先生在看電視嗎?” “不, 他在打掃房間。”
“_____ Mr Green _____ TV?” “_____, He _____ _____ the house.”
3、魏芳不是在讀書,她在寫信。
Wei Fang _____ _____ a book. She _____ _____ a letter.
4、今天天氣怎么樣?_____ is the weather today? 或_____ is the weather _____ today?
5、我正在通過收音機學(xué) (learn) 英語。
I _____ _____ English on the radio.
6、這個老人每天早上六點鐘起床。
The old man _____ _____ at six o’clock in the morning every day.
7、你從哪里來?Where _____ you from? 或Where _____ you _____ from?
我從美國來。 I _____ from America. 或I _____ from America.
將下列句子改成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
1. Tom can speak Chinese.
2. We have four lessons.
3. I watch TV every day.
4. She works in a hospital.
5. Do you like this book?
6. Kitty and Ben have lunch at about twelve.
7. His father can help them.
8. Danny, open the door.
9. They watch TV in the evening.
10.What are you doing ?
Units7-8
重點句型
1.What does he/she look like? He /she is medium build,and he/she has short straight hair.
2.What do you/they look like? I’m /They’re …
3.What would you like? I’d like some noodles.
4. What kind of noodles would you like?
I’d like beef noodles,please.
5. What size bowl of noodles would he like?
He’d like a small/medium/large bowl of noodles.
第一冊下短語總匯
1. be from/come from 來自于
2. live in 住在…
3. in China 在中國
4. in English 用英語
5. in November 在十一月
6. a little 一點兒
7. go to the movies 去看電影
8. write to sb 給某人寫信
9. on weekends 在周末
10.tell sb about sth 告訴某人某事
11.post office 郵局
12.pay phone 投幣式公用電話
13.between…and… 在…和…之間
14.in front of 在…前面
15.in the neighborhood 在附近
16.go straight 直走
17.on the right/left 在右側(cè)/左側(cè)
18.turn left/right 向左轉(zhuǎn)/右轉(zhuǎn)
19.take a walk 散步
20.at the beginning of 在…的開端
21.have fun 玩得開心
22.take a taxi 乘出租車
23.go down 順著…走
24.have a good trip 旅途愉快
25.kind of 有幾分
26.want to do sth 想要做某事
27.play with… 與…一起玩
28.be quiet 安靜
29.during/in the day 在白天
30.at night 在夜晚
31.get up 起床
32.every day 每天
33.look at 看著…
34.shop assistant 店員
35.bank clerk 銀行職員
36.TV station 電視臺
37.work with 和…一起工作
38.talk to sb 和某人交談
39.give sb sth/give sth to sb 給某人某物
40.police station 警察局
41.school play 校園劇
42.go out 出去
43.ask sb sth 問某人某事
44.get sth from sb 從某人處得到某物
45.do homework 做家庭作業(yè)
46.watch TV 看電視
47.eat/have dinner 吃晚飯
48.talk on the phone 打電話
49.TV show 電視節(jié)目
50.wait for 等待
51.talk about 談?wù)?/span>
52.play basketball 打籃球
53.at school 在學(xué)校
54.read books 看書
55.not bad 不錯
56.take photos 拍照
57.look cool 看上去很酷
58.have a good time 玩得開心
59.thank sb for doing sth 感謝某人做了某事
60.play computer games 打電腦游戲
61.pretty good 好極了
62.play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球
63.look for 尋找
64.lie on the beach 躺在沙灘上
65.short/long hair 短/長發(fā)
66.curly/straight hair 卷/直發(fā)
67.medium build/height 中等身材/個子
68.look like 看起來像
69.the captain of… …的隊長/首領(lǐng)
70.a little bit 一點兒;少許
71.love to do sth 喜歡做某事
72.tell jokes 講笑話
73.stop doing sth 停止做某事
74.like doing sth 喜歡做某事
75.pop singer 流行歌手
76.play chess 下棋
77.would like 想要
78.green tea 綠茶
79.countable noun 可數(shù)名詞
80.uncountable noun 不可數(shù)名詞
81.phone number 電話號碼
82.as well as 也
83.ice cream 冰淇淋
84.orange juice 桔汁
85.what size 什么型號/尺寸
86.what kind of 什么種類
87.have a party 舉行晚會
88.play the guitar 彈吉他
89.stay at home 呆在家里
90.play tennis 打網(wǎng)球
91.play soccer 踢足球
92.do some reading 閱讀
93.clean one’s room 打掃房間
94.go for a walk 去散步
95.middle school 中學(xué)
96.go shopping 去購物
97.talk show (電視,廣播的)訪談節(jié)目
98.go to the beach 去海灘
99.practice English 練習(xí)英語
100.study for the test 準(zhǔn)備測試
101.go on vacation 去度假
102.the Great Wall 萬里長城
103.have fun doing sth 很開心地做某事
104.summer camp 夏令營
105.the Palace Museum 故宮
106.Tian’an Men Square 天安門廣場
107.how/what about…? …怎么樣?
108.key ring 鑰匙鏈
109.think of 想到;認(rèn)為
110.soap opera 肥皂劇
111.sports show 體育節(jié)目
112.in fact 事實上
113.situation comedy 情景喜劇
114.game show 游戲節(jié)目
115.enjoy doing 喜歡做…
116.agree with 同意
117.too many rules 太多規(guī)則
118.be late for class 上課遲到
119.after school 放學(xué)后
120.dinning hall 餐廳
121.have to 不得不
122.sports shoes 運動鞋
123.the Children’s Palace 少年宮
124.be in bed 睡覺
練習(xí)
Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意及所給漢語提示,用該短語的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。
1. The girl looks _________(有幾分) shy. She talks little.
2. —What does your father do, Mary?
—He works in a _____________ (電視臺) .
3.The ______ (投幣式公用電話) is ______ (在……對面) the library.
4. Lisa went to the movies last weekend. She ________________(玩的開心;過的愉快) there.
5. —Are they _____________ (談?wù)?/span>) the animals in the sitting room?
—No, they are ______________(在電話上交談).
6. —Is there a big supermarket _______________ (在臨近的地區(qū))?
—Yes, there is. It’s ________________ (在……旁邊) the hospital.
7. Mike __________ letters ____________(從……得到……) his letter box every day.
8. —Why don’t you ____________ (看電視) at home?
—Because the ______________(電視節(jié)目) is boring.
9.—Who are Ben and Sam __________________(和……交談)?
—The two policemen.
10. —How can we get to the Hongxiang Hotel?
—You can _______ (乘出租車) from the airport. ________ (穿過) the Center Avenue and ________ (向左拐). It’s _________ (在……前面) Hualing Store.
11. —Where is your _______ (筆友) from?
—He is from New York.
—Do you often ____________(給……寫信) him?
—Yes. We usually send e-mails to each other.
12. My house is ________(在……之間) the No. 1 Middle School and the Nanshan Park. My parents always _______ (散步) in the park after supper.
Ⅱ.請用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子,每個短語僅用一次。
1. —How is it going, Jeff? — _________________.
2. Does your mother work in a ___________ or in a ___________?
3. —Who is your English teacher ___________at the school gate?
—Her son, I think.
4. —Can you tell me ___________the Garden District?
—Sure. It’s not far. _________ and it’s _________of the hotel.
5. —It’s snowing outside. Let’s _______________.
—That sounds great.
6. —I like singing and dancing.
—If you want to be in the __________, please call Mary at 767-6609.
7. —Why do people want to ______________?
—Because they think the food in the restaurants is more delicious than that cooked at home.
8. —Look at the young kids. What are they doing on the beach?
—They are playing ___________. How happy they are!
9. I’m going to listen to the tapes ____________improve my English.
10. Koalas __________Australia. They sleep ____________, but they get up and eat leaves ___________.
(二)
I. 根據(jù)漢語意思, 完成下列句子 (每空一詞)。
1. —你的朋友看上去什么樣?
—他中等體格,長著卷曲的頭發(fā)。
—What does your friend _______ ________?
—He is _______ _______, and has ______ ________.
2. —您想要什么面條?
—牛肉面。
—________ ________ ________noodles _________you __________?
— _________ __________.
3. —放學(xué)后,你經(jīng)常做什么?
—踢足球。
—What do you often do _________ ________?
—I often ________ ________.
4. —他去哪兒度假了?
—他去了海灘。
—Where did he go ______ ________?
—He _______ _______ ________ ________.
5. 上周我看了一部肥皂劇,它使我很興奮。
Last week I saw a _______ _______. It made me very excited.
6. 我不介意年青人怎樣看我。
I don’t mind what young people ________ ________me.
Ⅱ. 用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空,每個短語僅用一次。
1. Why do you often __________? The teacher is angry.
2. —What did he do over the weekend?
—He _________because he liked English a lot.
3. I often _________in the library when I am free.
4.The children went to the park yesterday. They _________there.
5. —Do you enjoy _________?
—Yes, very much. I like the music written by Beethoven.
Units 9-10
重點句型:
What did you do last weekend?
On Saturday morning I cleaned my room. On Saturday evening I went to the movies.
How was your weekend? It was great.
Where did you go last weekend? We went New York City.
Did your go to Central Park? Yes, I did.
How was the weather? It was humid.
一般過去時的用法:
1.過去某個特定時間發(fā)生,并且一下子就完成了的動作(即:非持續(xù)性動作),也可以表示過去習(xí)慣性的動作。一般過去時不強調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響,只說明過去。
I had a word with Julia this morning. 今天早晨,我跟朱麗亞說了幾句話。
He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他沒有戒煙的那陣子,煙抽得可兇了。 一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用,過去時間狀語如:yesterday, two days ago…(兩天前)the other day(前幾天),last week / year, in 1993, just now(剛才)、in the old days(過去的日子里) at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句等。
句子中謂語動詞是用一般過去時還是用現(xiàn)在完成時,取決于動作是否對現(xiàn)在有影響。如果句中帶有確定的時間,只能用一般過去時,不用現(xiàn)在完成時。
Have you had your lunch? 你吃過午飯了嗎?(意思是說你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎?)
Yes, I have. 是的,我已經(jīng)吃過了。(意思是說已經(jīng)吃飽了,不想再吃了。)
When did you have it? 你是什么時候吃的?(關(guān)心的是吃的動作發(fā)生在何時。)
I had it about ten minutes ago. 我是大約十分鐘以前吃的。
2.一般過去時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成:
(1)be(was, were)作謂語. 否定句是在was/were后面加not,was not(wasn't) / were not (weren't)。一般疑問句是把was / were提前并放到句首,首字母要大寫。
肯定句: She was at home yesterday.
否定句: She wasn’t at home yesterday.
一般疑問句: Was she at home yesterday?
(2)實義動詞的過去式作謂語(不區(qū)分人稱和數(shù))
①肯定式:主語+動詞過去式+其它。
如:They had a good time yesterday.
②否定式:主語+did not(didn't)+動詞原形+其它。如:They didn't watch TV last night.
③一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?肯定回答:Yes,主語+did. 否定回答:No,主語+didn't. 如:Did they watch TV last night ? Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.
④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其它?
如:What time did you finish your homework?
3. 動詞一般過去式的構(gòu)成
a.規(guī)則動詞過去式的變化可速記為"直"、"去"、"雙"、"改"四字訣。
①一般情況下在動詞原形后直接加-ed。如:wanted,played。
②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞,去掉e再加-ed。如:hoped,lived。
③重讀閉音節(jié)單詞需雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加-ed。如:stopped。
④以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞變y為i,再加-ed。如:studied,worried。
b.不規(guī)則動詞變化,要逐一熟記。be動詞過去式有兩種形式,主語是第一、三人稱單數(shù)形式使用was,其他人稱用were。
注意:
1.在談到已死去的人的情況時,多用過去時。
2.表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)的動作,常與always,never等連用。
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。(只是說明她過去的動作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。)
比較: Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是帶著傘。
(說明這是她的習(xí)慣,表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘)
I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。(不涉及到現(xiàn)在,不說明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)
3.如果強調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時要用used to do
He used to drink. 他過去喝酒。(意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了。喝酒這個動作終止了)
I used to take a walk in the morning.我過去在早晨散步(意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了)
4.有些句子,雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語,但實際上是指過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)的話,也要用過去時,這一點,我們中國學(xué)生往往出錯,要特別注意!
I didn''t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。(因為在說話時,我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話之前,所以只能用過去時表示。實際上,這句話暗指But now I know you are here.)
I thought you were ill. 我以為你病了呢。(這句話應(yīng)是在說話之前,我以為你病了。但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒病)
辨別正誤:
Li Ming studied English this morning. (把此句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洌?/span>
1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning?(×,動詞應(yīng)該用原形)
2. Does Li ming study English this morning?(×,時態(tài)應(yīng)該用原句子的時態(tài))
3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning?(×,應(yīng)該用實義動詞,而不是be動詞)
4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning? (√)
寫出下列動詞的過去式:
1.go---______ 2.do---_______ 3.have/has---______ 4.am/is---______ 5.are---______ 6.am not/isn’t---_______ 7.aren’t---________ 8.don’t/doesn’t---_______ 9.study---______ 10.play---______ 11.see---______ 12.get---______
13.come---______ 14.eat---_____ 15.drink---______ 16.write---_______ 17.stay---_______ 18.take---_____ 19.sit---______ 20.buy---________ 21.sell---_______ 22.leave---______ 23.meet---_______ 24.read---_______
一般過去時態(tài)專項練習(xí):
一.選擇
( )1.The two __________in the same class last year.
A. are B. was C. were D. be
( )2.---Where______ you______ ? ----I went to buy some food for supper.
A.are … go B.did … go C.do … go D. will … go
( )3."Why ____ she ____ angry?" "Because he ___ at him just now.
A. did… get, shouted B. has…got…shouted
C. did… get… has shouted D. has…got…has shouted
( )4.______ that worker ________in a shoe factory a year ago?
A. Do, work B. Did, worked C. Did, work D. Does work
( )5____ you _____ the film before ? Where ____ you _____ it ?
A. Have… seen… did… see B. Did…see…die…watch
C. Have…seen… have… seen D. Did…see…have…seen
( )6. __________your mother __________to work last Saturday?
A. Did, go B. Do, go C. Does, go D. Has, gone
( )7.They________ not late the day before yesterday.
A. did B. were C. are D. do
( )8._________ they away from school last October?
A. Did B. Were C. Do D. Are
( )9. You ___ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you since five.
A. kept…waited B. have kept…waited
C. kept…have waited D. have kept…have waited
( )10. ____you ____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did B. Have… copied…have
C. Have… copied… did D. Did …copy…had
( )11. I _____ that you _____ good care of her that day.
A. thought…will take B. thought…would take
C. think… will take D. think… would take
( )12.The boys_______ only two subjects last term, but this term they_______ five.
A. have, have B. had, had C. had, have D. have had, have
( )13. Mother ____ me a new coat yesterday. I ___ it on. It fits me well.
A. has made…have tried B. made…have tried
C. has made…tried D. made…tried
( )14.They stopped here because they_____ the way to the station.
A. didn’t know B. don’t know C. will know D. weren’t known
( )15---Where _______ you find your ticket? ----I __________it on the ground.
A. did, found B. do, found C. were, find D. did, find
( )16. Was he at work ______?
A. now B. next week C. next Sunday D. yesterday
( )17.--I have seen the film Titanic already. -When ________ you ______ it?
--The day before yesterday.
A. have; seen B. will; see C. did;see D. did;seen
( )18. We _______ trees last Sunday. So far we _____ over 3,000 trees there.
A. planted;planted B. planted;have planted
C. have planted;planted D. have planted;have planted
二. 填空
1.He ________(fight) the big man a moment ago.
2.He ___________ (hurt) his leg this morning.
3.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
4.That old dead man always _____ (carry) an umbrella.
5.The little boy stood up, ______(look) around, and then _____(run) out of the classroom
6.She watches TV every evening. But she ____________ (not watch) TV last night.
7.-What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday?
-We __________ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.
8. What __________ (make) him cry just now?
9.Last year the teacher _____ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.
10. Once upon a time, there ______(live) a happy farmer.
11. There __________ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)
12.There _____ any hospitals in my hometown in 1940. ( be not)
13. There __________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there?
14. Jack ____________ (not clean) the room a moment ago.
15. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
16. It _____ (be) hot yesterday and most children ______ (be) outside.
17. There ___ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I ___ (have) no time to watch it.
18. Mum told me to buy some milk when I ______ to the shop(go)
19. He _____(say) he would come to see me if he ______(have) time the next day.
20. My mother_______ (pay) the bill.
21. He used to smoke,______ he?
22. On Saturday morning I _____(play) football.
23 .May________ (finish) her homework very late yesterday evening.
24.Han Mei __________ (bring) her pet to the park that day.
25. I ______(think) you were ill.
26. _______ you _________ (have) bread for breakfast this morning?
27.She hardly achieved A grades, _____ she?
28.The police ________ (stop) the car and _________ (catch) the thief just now.
29.The little Tom _______ (lie) under the umbrella last Saturday when the sun _____(shine)
30.Uncle Wang _________ ( come )into the room and _______ ( find ) something to eat.
31.Lily _______ ( study ) in the classroom for two hours and then _________ ( leave ).
32..Jimmy ______ ( do ) a lot today. He ________ ( go ) shopping and ________ ( cook ) supper.
33.The thief ______(steal) a woman’s purse and_____(run)away
34.What time _______ you _________ ( get ) to school this morning?
III改寫句子
1. Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)
Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.
2. He found some meat in the fridge.(變一般疑問句)
_______ he ________ _________ meat in the fridge?
3.She stayed there for a month.(對劃線部分提問)
______ ______ _____ she _____ there?
4.There was some tea in the cup.(變一般疑問句)
_____ there _____ tea in the cup?
5. I did some reading last night.(改為一般疑問句)
_____ you _____ ______ reading last night?
6.Han Meimei didn’t fly a kite, either.(變?yōu)榭隙ň?/font>)
Han Meimei ____ a kite , ______.
7.They found a bird in the tree yesterday.(改為反義疑問句)
They found a bird in the tree yesterday, _________?
8.My mother had porridge for breakfast this morning. (改否定句)
My mother _____ _______porridge for breakfast this morning.
9.They cleaned the house last Saturday(對劃線部分提問)
______ ______ they ______ last Saturday?
七下Units11—12
重點句型:
1 What do you think of game shows ?I can’t stand them /I don’t mind them /
I don’t like them/I love them
2 What does he/she think of sitcomsc? He/She doesn’t like it .
3 sports show /talk show /soap opera/game show/a thirteeen-year-old boy/welcome to /enjoy doing sth/think of
4 Don’t arrive late for class. Don’ eat in the classroom Don’t run in the hallways Don’t listen to music in the classrooms ot the hallways. Don’t fight.Don’t watch TV after school
Don’t go out on school night. Do your homework after school. Practice your guiter every day.
help my mom make dinner
5 Can we wear hats in school?Yes ;we can /No,we can’t
Do you have to wear a uniform at schooll?Yes,we do /No,we don’t
重點語法:
祈使句是表示請求、命令、勸告、祝愿或建議的句子。祈使句的主語一般為第二人稱,但往往省去不用。同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)祈使句時應(yīng)注意以下幾點:
一、祈使句謂語用何動詞形式
英語祈使句的謂語總是用動詞原形。如:
Be quiet! 別說話!
Come earlier next time. 下次早點來。
Have a good time. 愿你玩得痛快。
Go and tell her. 去告訴她吧。
注:有時為了加強語氣,可在動詞前加 do。如:
Do be careful. 務(wù)請小心。
Do come on time. 務(wù)必請準(zhǔn)時來。三、表現(xiàn)形式
●肯定結(jié)構(gòu):
1. Do型(即:動詞原形(+賓語)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 請這邊坐。
有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動詞可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 請這邊走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表語(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一個好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 讓我來幫你。
●否定結(jié)構(gòu):
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't構(gòu)成。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘記我!
Don't be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到!
2. Let型的否定式有兩種:“Don't + let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 賓語 + not + 動詞原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。
3. 有些可用no開頭,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚!
二、肯定祈使句如何變成否定祈使句
祈使句否定式的構(gòu)成方法是在動詞原形前加 don’t。如:
Don’t be late. 不要遲到。
Don’t speak so loud. 別這么大聲說話。
Don’t walk on the grass. 不要在草坪上走。
Don’t lose the key. 別把鑰匙丟了。
Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打電話,否則你別來。
三、與 please 連用以使語氣委婉
為使語氣委婉,通常將祈使句與 please 連用。please 可用于祈使句的句首(其后通常不用逗號)或句末(其前通常用逗號)。如:
Please don’t get angry. 請不要生氣。
Drive more slowly,please. 請開得慢一點。
Please cut me a piece of cake. 請給我切一塊蛋糕。
Please try to be quiet. 請設(shè)法保持安靜。
Please repeat what you’ve just said. 請把你剛才說的話重復(fù)一遍。
四、關(guān)于以 let 開頭的祈使句
Let’s eat out tonight. 我們今晚出去吃飯吧。
Let me have a try. 我來試一試。
Let me show you how to do it. 我來告訴你怎樣做。
Let every man do his best. 讓每個人都人盡其才。
Let the meat cook slowly. 把肉用慢火燉。
注:1. 這類祈使句的否定式有兩種形式。如:
Let’s not hurry. / Don’t let’s hurry. 我們不要太急。
2. let 后用作賓語補足語的動詞要用原形,不能用帶 to 的不定式。
用"let"的祈使句時,必須注意下列幾點:
一、"let" 的否定句有二。如果賓語是第三人稱用"Don't let....."(見例(9));如果賓語是第一人稱,則用"Let......not" (見例(10)):
(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.
(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二、"Let"只適用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài),可以有被動語態(tài) (the passive voice),如:
(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三、"Let"后頭除了是不帶"to"的不定式動詞 (The infinitive without"to")之外,還可以是某些適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~,如out, in, down, alone等:
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
(16) Let me alone, please.
四、用"Let's"時,把談話者的對象包括在內(nèi);用"Let us"時,并不包括對方,如:
(17) Let's try it, shall we?
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
從(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you",不難知道前者包括聽話人,后者并沒有。
五、祈使句的反意疑問句形式
1.在通常情況下,若陳述部分為祈使句,反意疑問句通常用 will you, won’t you, would you 等。如:
Turn on the TV, will you?把電視打開,好嗎?
Tell me the truth, won’t you?告訴我實話,好嗎?
If you want help, let me know, would you?如果你需要幫助,告訴我,好嗎?
注:若陳述部分為否定式,則反意疑問句部分只用 will you。如:
Don’t forget to post the letter, will you?請別忘了寄信。
2. 若陳述部分為以 let 開頭的祈使句,則要分兩種情況:
注意 回答Let''s~的反意疑問句句型時,肯定時用Yes,let''s.否定時用NO,let''s not. 祈使句變反意疑問句的方法:
祈使句后的反意疑問句形式
a,Let's表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh,簡短問句的主語用 we表示,問句用 shall we或 shan't we 如: Let's have a cup of tea ,shall we (shan't we)
b,Let me或 Let us表示聽話人提出請求,問句用 will you或 won't you .
Let me have a rest , will you (won't you )
c,其它的祈使句后可以加一個簡短問句,使語氣變得客氣一些.
如:Have a rest , will you
Stand up , will (won't) you
【跟蹤練習(xí)】
1. If you are tired, _________ a rest.
A. haveB. having C. to haveD. had
2. _________ me go. It is very important for me.
A. Do let B. Let do C. Doing letD. To do let
3. He is not honest. _________ believe him.
A. Not B. Don’t C. To not D. Not to
4. If you want to stay, let me know, _________?
A. will you B. shall we C. do youD. do we
5. Never come late again, _________?
A. will you B. won’t you C. do you D. does he
6. _________ up early tomorrow, or you can’t catch the train.
A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got
7. _________ in the street. It’s dangerous.
A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don’t play D. Don’t to play
8. Please _________ me some money, will you?
A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. be lend
9. The film is about to begin. Please _________ seated.
A. be B. are C. is D. being
10. _________ the boxes. You may use them later.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
將下列漢語翻譯成英語。
1. 請照看好您的包。 ___________________.
2. 讓我們?nèi)W(xué)校吧! ___________________!
3. 親愛的,高興點兒! ___________________!
4. 不要把書放這兒。 ___________________.
5. 不要讓貓進(jìn)來。 ___________________.
八年級上冊
Unit 1-2
重點短語
1. how often 多久一次 2. as for 至于;關(guān)于
3. of course 當(dāng)然;自然 4. look after 照顧;照看
5. on weekends 在周末 6. surf the Internet 網(wǎng)上沖浪
7. twice a week 每周兩次 8. pretty healthy 相當(dāng)健康
9. keep in good health 保持健康 10. try to do sth. 努力干某事
11. have a cold/stomachache/a sore throat/ toothache/ fever/ headache
感冒/胃疼/喉嚨疼/牙疼/發(fā)燒/頭疼
12. lie down and rest 躺下休息 13. see a dentist 看牙醫(yī)
14. see a doctor 看醫(yī)生 15. be stressed out 有壓力的;緊張的
16. get tired 疲憊 17. stay healthy 保持健康
18. get a cold 感冒 19. at the moment 此時此刻
20. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
21. a balanced diet 均衡飲食 22. listen to music 聽音樂
重點句子
1. What do you usually do on weekend?
I sometimes go to the beach.
2. How often do you exercise?
3. How many hours do you sleep every night?
4. What’s your favorite program?
5. What’s the matter?
I have a sore back/ cold/ stomachache/ …
6. Maybe you should see a dentist.
7. I’m not feeling well.
8. It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.
9. I’m sorry to hear that.
12. That’s a good idea.
交際平臺
(1)詢問病情
What’s the matter? / What’s wrong? /What’s the trouble?
How long have you been like this?
Did you feel tired?
Do you have a headache?
(2) 訴說病情
There is something wrong with …
I have a headache/ toothache/ …
Since two years ago.
I have a pain in …
I’m feeling even worse.
This place hurt.
(3)醫(yī)囑
You must take this medicine three times a day with hot water.
You should eat less meat and more vegetables and fruits.
Don’t sleep too late.
You’d better stay in bed for a few days.
You will get better soon.
語法知識
含how的短語的區(qū)別與使用:
① How long,意思是“多久”,指時間的長度,一般對for或since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的狀語提問。如:- How long have you been in the Party?- Since 1998.
② How soon,意思是“多久才能”,“要到什么時候”,指將來,一般針對“in +一段時間”或soon 等將來的時間提問。如:- How soon will he come back? – In three days.
③ How often,意思是“隔多久一次”“是否經(jīng)常”,指頻率,一般針對once a week,three times a day,often,sometimes,never等頻度狀語提問。如:-How often do you usually have an art class? –Once a week.
④ How long/ wide/ tall/ deep/ far,意思是“多長/寬/高/深/遠(yuǎn)”,一般針對帶有“數(shù)字+形容詞”的內(nèi)容提問。如:-How deep is the river? -It’s about four meters deep.
⑤ How many,意思是“多少”,針對可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問。如:-How many books can I borrow?-Two.
⑥ How much,意思是“多少錢”或“多少”,針對價格或不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問。如:-How much is that green dress?-Thirty dollars. 又如:-How much meat do you want?- Half a kilo.
練習(xí)
I. 用所給單詞的正確形式填空
1. You must (try) to eat less food.
2. Do you have a healthy lifestyle if you (exercise) every day?
3. He (eat) fruit every day.
4. He (like) (watch) TV. Sometimes he (watch) it for 10 hours. Now he (watch) a movie at home.
5. She usually (exercise) three times a day.
6. –How often do you go to the park? - (two) a week.
7. –Do you like watching TV? –No, it is (bored).
8. How often do you eat (health) food?
9. She (enjoy) her meal in the restaurant now.
10. During his (ill), he stayed indoors.
II. 根據(jù)提示寫出單詞
1. Mr. Green has a f and he has to see a doctor.
2. The exam is very i , I don’t want to fail it.
3. My English is not good enough. I want to i it.
4. Traditional Chinese doctors believe that a b diet is very important for staying healthy.
5. He isn’t good at English, because he h works hard.
6. Here are the r of the students activity survey at Green High School.
7. My mother has a cold and she has a s throat.
8. –What’s your favorite TV p ? -Chinese.
9. –Mr. Green, an i from CCTV wants to visit you.
-OK, I’m coming soon.
10. –Smoking is a bad h , I think you should give it up.
-I see, thank you, Mr. Wang.
III. 單項選擇
1. When you’re tired,you should eat hot yang foods to healthy.
A. go B. grow C. stay D. leave
2. –I’m stressed out because my English isn’t improving. - .
A. You should see a doctor B. You should study hard
C. You should stop learning it
D. You should listen to music and relax
3.The Meat is expensive and eating meat is bad for your health.
A. too much; much too B. too much; too much
C much too, much too D. much too, too much
4. –Why don’t you let Sue do it? -I she do it.
A. think; can B. think; can’t C. don’t think; can D. don’t think; can’t
5. It’s difficult this work today.
A. to finish B. finishes C. finish D. finishing
6. –What’s the boy standing there? - .
A. He’s Tim Green. B. He’s very good.
C. He’s a student D. He’s reading a book
7. Is there wrong with your clock?
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
8. What kind of music do you like to ?
A. hear B. heard C. listen D. listen to
9. –How do you like the story? - .
A. Yes, I like. B. I don’t like C. Not at all D. It’s very interesting
10. Everyone sometimes.
A. gets tired B. are tired C. be tired D. get tired
11. I you to help with her English.
A. hope B. want C. think D. let
12. - do you watch TV? -I watch TV every day.
A. How long B. How soon C. How D. How often
13. –How often does Chen watch TV? -He watches TV .
A. Two a week B. second a week
C. the second a week D. twice a week
14. You must take this medicine once eight hours.
A. even B. all C. each D. every
15. - ? –I have a bad cold.
A. How are you B. What’s the matter
C. How often do you exercise D. How about you
16. She looks pale and weak after her illness.
A. kind of B. kinds of C. a kind of D. a kind
17. Your pen is mine.
A. a same to B. the same to C. a same for D. the same as
18. he was not rich, he bought a lot of books for his son.
A. But B. While C. Although D. Because
19. - does Michael do on weekends?
-He often goes to the library.
A. How B. What C. Where D. Why
20. –Have you ever been to Shenzhen? -No, .
A. ever B. some times C. usually D. never
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