一、動詞及主謂一致
1、 動詞的種類(四類)
動詞在句子中作謂語，注意時態(tài)和主謂一致。
但是非謂語to do, doing和done也要留意，七年級主要當(dāng)固定用法來記。
1）聯(lián)系動詞
用法：和形容詞，名詞，介詞等一起做句子的謂語（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）。
聯(lián)系動詞有：
be動詞(is am are)；
表示變化的become, get, turn, go等；
表示感官感受的sound, smell, taste, feel, look等
七年級主要學(xué)習(xí)前兩類。
2）情態(tài)動詞
情態(tài)動詞有can, may, need, must等
情態(tài)動詞不能單獨作謂語，與行為動詞一起作謂語。
3）助動詞
助動詞幫助構(gòu)成完整謂語，自身沒有意義：
do does（疑問句，否定句）；
be（構(gòu)成進行時）；
have（構(gòu)成完成時）
4）行為動詞
行為動詞表示行為動作。
take 、bring、eat、have、like、sell、buy、play、see、go、watch 等
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2、主謂一致及動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)
主語是單數(shù)名詞，第三人稱單數(shù)（he, she和it），不可數(shù)名詞），謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。
be的第三人稱單數(shù)形式“is”;行為動詞一般加“s”；
（否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句，用助動詞does 幫助構(gòu)成）
情態(tài)動詞沒有第三人稱單數(shù)形式
附：第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成：“動詞原形+ s/es”
(1)、一般情況,動詞后直接加 s (清輔音后讀 /s/,濁輔音,元音后讀/z/)
例如:falls, looks, grows, plants，
(2)、以字母 e 結(jié)尾的動詞,直接加 s (讀 /z/)
例如:comes, takes
(3)、以字母s, x, ch, sh, o結(jié)尾的動詞,加 es ( 讀 /z/ 或/Iz/)
例如: finishes, does, goes, watches, fixes, washes
(4)、以“輔音字母 + y”結(jié)尾的動詞,變 y 為 i,加 es (讀 / z /)
例如: studies
注意:元音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動詞,如enjoy play等，直接加“s”
(5)、have的第三人稱單數(shù)形式為“has”
可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成規(guī)則與動詞三單一樣！
復(fù)習(xí)題一
用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. I ______from France.
2. ______ your father an engineer? No, he_______.
3. The little girl ______ lovely.
4. This ________ my English book.
5. Mom, where _______ my pencils?
6. They _______ my best friends.
7. Our English class _______ full of fun.
8. These_______ my glasses.
9. How much ______ the shoes?
10. How much ______ the pen?
11. Our PE teacher ______ very strong.
12. You can _______ whatever you want to be.
13. I want to ______ a doctor and help the sick people.
14. Let’s _______friends.
15. Jack and I ______ friends.
16. It _____ a small puppy.
17. Mary and Tom _______ classmates. They _____ in Class Three.
18. Someone ______ in the room.
19. Who ______ she?
20. What _______ in your bag?
參考答案
1. am. 2. Is, isn’t. 3. is. 4. is.
5. are. 6. are. 7. is. 8. are.
9. are. 10. is. 11. is.
12. be. 情態(tài)動詞后用原型。
13.be. “to+動詞原形”是動詞不定式。
14. be. Let’s“讓我們……”，后動詞用原型。
15. are. 16. is. 17. are, are.
18. is. 19. is
20. is/are，從句子意思看，包里有什么？可能一樣?xùn)|西，也可能多樣?xùn)|西。
讓我們選擇的話，沒有上下文提示，請選is
復(fù)習(xí)題二
用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. She often _____ (go) swimming on Sundays.
2. Jim usually _______ (ride) a bike to his office in the morning.
3. Where ____ your father ______ (work)?
4. I _______ (have) maths, Chinese and English on Thursday morning.
5. My grandfather _______ (jog) in the park every morning.
6. Mrs Golf _________ (have) three sons and a daughter.
7. The family ________ (travel) in December almost every year.
8. Who _____ (want) to go café with me?
9. The policemen seldom ________ (stay) in the office.
10. _____ Alice _____ (like) playing the guitar?
Yes, she _____ (do).
11. _______ you ________ (watch) TV after school?
No, I _____ (do).
12. _____ Canadians _____ (speak) English?
13. Mary ________ ______ (not come) from USA. She ____(come) from UK.
14. ______ sheep _________ (eat) grass?
15. What ______ (do) a cat usually ________(do) at night?
16. Mike sometimes ______(go) to the library by himself.
17. Lily and Mike’s father often ________ (take) them to the cinema.
18. The boy _________ (not like) playing basketball.
19. How much ______ it _____ (take) you to buy these books?
20. How many lessons _______ your classmate ______(have) on Monday?
參考答案：
1. goes. 2. rides. 3. does, work
4. have. 5. jogs. 6. has.
7. travels. 集體名詞看作一個整體，為單數(shù)；側(cè)重指集體中的每個人，為復(fù)數(shù)。
8. wants 9. Stay 10. Does, like, does.
11. Do, watch, don't. 12. Do, speak.
13. doesn't, come, comes.
14. Do, eat. Sheep單復(fù)數(shù)同形，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù)。
15. does, do. 16. goes.
17. takes. Lily和Mike的父親，兩人是兄妹。
18. doesn't like. 19. does, take.
20. does, have.
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