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Unit5 First aid知識點詳解

Ⅰ. ?？紗卧~必背

1．aid  n. ①[U]援助；救護；幫助 ②[C]輔助者；有助之物 vt. 幫助

While in the past we stressed aid，now we stress economic cooperation.

我們過去側重提供援助，現(xiàn)在強調經(jīng)濟合作。

[快速閃記]

(1)do/give/offer first aid  進行急救

with the aid of  在……幫助下；借助于

come/go to one's aid  來(去)幫助某人

in aid of  作為……的幫助；為了

(2)aid sb to do.../in doing...  幫助某人做……

aid sb with...  幫助某人……

2．injury  n. [C]&[U]傷害；損害

Be careful lifting that heavy box—you'll do yourself an injury!

＝Be careful lifting that heavy box—you'll do an injury to yourself!

抬那個重箱子要小心——你會把自己弄傷的！

[快速閃記]

injure  vt. 損害；傷害

injured  adj.受傷的；受冤屈的

the injured  傷員

do sb an injury/do an injury to sb  傷害某人

3．bleed (bled，bled)  vi. 出血；流血；悲痛；流出 vt.使出血；給……放血

Our hearts bled for you. 我們?yōu)槟愀械奖础?/span>

bleed away one's life(＝bleed to death) 流血致死

Doctors sometimes bleed sick people. 大夫有時為病人抽血。

4. poison n. [C]&[U]毒藥；毒物 vt. 使中毒；毒死；放毒于

poisonous adj. ①有毒的②(在道德上毒害人的)有害的

5．complex  adj. 復雜的

It is a complex system，but it certainly makes a change.

這是個復雜的體系，不過確實有所改變。

6．variety  n. 變化；多樣化；多變性

Chinese food is famous for its wide variety.

中餐以菜系多樣而聞名。

[快速閃記]

a variety of  種種；各種各樣的

various  adj. 不同的；各種各樣的

variously adv. 各種各樣地

vary  vi. 不同；變化

7．swell (swelled，swollen/swelled)  vi. ①腫脹；膨脹 ②逐漸增加

His legs became red，swollen and covered with blisters.

他的腿變得紅腫起來，布滿了水泡。

His bank balance has swelled by ￡222，000 in the last three weeks.

在過去的 3 周里，他銀行的存款多了 222 000 英鎊。

8．squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；擠；壓榨

[快速閃記]

squeeze out 榨出；擠出

squeeze through 擠過去

squeeze one's way 擠過

9．pour  vt. 倒；注；灌　vi. ①下大雨 ②涌出/進

Please pour me a cup of coffee. 請給我再倒咖啡。

It never rains but it pours. 不下則已，下則傾盆。

10．firm n. 商行；公司　adj. ①結實的；堅固的 ②堅定的；強有力的

I work in a law firm，practicing business law，you know. 我在律師事務所工作，如你所知，從事商業(yè)法。

The city walls are as firm as rock. 城墻堅如磐石。

[快速閃記]

firmly  adv. 堅定地；堅決地；牢牢地

11．apply  vt.&vi. ①申請 ②應用；使用；適用 ③涂、施

You should apply immediately，in person or by letter. 你應該立即申請，親自去也好，寫信也好。

[快速閃記]

(1)apply to sb for...  向……申請……

apply for  申請；請求

apply sth to sth 將某物應用某物；把……涂抹到……

apply to  適用……(to為介詞)

apply oneself to  專心致志于……

(2)application  n. [C]&[U]請求；申請；應用；適用

applicant  n. [C]申請人；應征者

Ⅱ. 高頻短語必會

1．fall ill  生病

2．electric shock  觸電；電休克

3．over and over again  反復；多次

4．in place  在適當?shù)奈恢?；適當

5．a number of  許多；若干

6．put one's hands on  找到

7．make a difference  區(qū)別對待；有影響

Ⅲ. 寫作句式必學

1．John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.

約翰正在房間學習這時他突然聽到一聲尖叫。

2．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.

正是約翰的快速反應和急救知識救了斯萊德女士的命。

3．So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.

因此，你可以想象到， 如果你的皮膚燒傷了，就可能非常嚴重。

Ⅳ. 短文語法填空，然后背誦短文，熟記本單元的重點詞匯。

A boy fell ill.His organs were damaged by the radiation of a stove.But before theambulance arrived，a number of other __1__(injury) happened to this unlucky boy over and over again.First，he __2__(choke) by some poisonous liquid from the kettle on thecupboard.Then his wrist skin was burnt by electric shock.Finally，his ankle was cut by apan.

Fortunately，the boy's nurse gave him proper temporary__3__ (treat) according to hiscomplex symptoms.She mildly squeezed the __4__(poison) liquid out of his throat and putbandages __5__(firm) in place to apply pressure to the ankle wound to stop __6__(bleed)．As for the burn，she used scissors to remove his sleeve，__7__(pour) a basin of cold water over the burn to cool it and put her hands on a damp blouse to cover his __8__(swell)tissue tightly.She also inspired his __9__(brave) to fight against the unbearable pain.Her first aid made __10__ vital difference in saving his life.A ceremony was held to honour the nurse who overcame a variety of barriers to save the boy.

【參考答案】

1. injuries 2. was choked 3. treatments 4. poisonous 5. firmly　

6. bleeding 7. poured 8. swollen 9. bravery 10. a

Unit5 First aid單元練習

Ⅰ. 單句語法填空

1．The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks out of__place__ in the garden of a traditional home.

解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：有著現(xiàn)代風格的色彩鮮艷的家具適合現(xiàn)代的房屋和花園，但是放在傳統(tǒng)風格的花園里看起來就格格不入。out of place不得其所的，不適當?shù)?，格格不入的。信息詞but告訴我們應該填place表示“不合適的，格格不入的”。

2．Some school teachers complained, “Many kids haven't got any hobbies— __unless__ you call playing computer games a hobby.” 

解析：考查連詞。句意：一些老師抱怨說“許多孩子沒有任何愛好，除非你把打電腦游戲叫做一項愛好”。由句意可知，填unless，意為“除非，如果不”。

3．__Filled__(fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad.

解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：因為愧疚感，這個小男孩低下頭等他的父親的懲罰。be filled with充滿了……，故填過去分詞。

4．Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, __is_being_treated__(treat) in hospital now.

解析：句意：小湯姆在放煙火時被燒傷了，現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院救治。主句的時間狀語為now，故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。

5．The boy made the same mistakes over __and__ over again, which，of course, made his parents very angry.

解析：句意：那個男孩一次次犯同樣的錯誤，這當然令他的父母很生氣。over and over again反復；多次，符合句意。

6．—Was it because of the terrible weather __that__ his flight was delayed?

—Not really. An old lady suffered a heart attack and they had to fly back.

解析：考查強調句型。題中的問句部分為強調句型的一般疑問句形式，被強調部分是“because of the terrible weather”，強調句型的一般疑問句的構成：Was/Is it＋被強調部分＋that/who＋其他，故所填詞用that。

7．—Don' t put so much __pressure__(press) on the children.It's harmful to their health.

—OK，I won't.

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。put pressure on為固定搭配，意為“給……施加壓力”。前句句意：不要給孩子們施加太多壓力，這有害于他們的健康。

8．The number of people, who have access to their own cars，__has_risen__ (rise) sharply in the past decade.

解析：考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。本句的主語是the number of people，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)；in the past decade表示時間從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，即“十年來”，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。

9．There is little doubt __that__ you will be able to judge truth and error if you have confidence in yourself.

解析：doubt用作名詞時，在肯定句中，其后從句常用whether引導；在否定句和疑問句中使用that引導從句。此處that無意義，也不作成分，是同位語從句的引導詞。

10．They have earned lots of money, so I __firmly__(firm) believe that the business is a success.

解析：從They have earned lots of money可知，“我”堅信(firmly believe)生意是成功的。

Ⅱ. 完成句子

1．Because of days of performing first aid, the doctor __was_so_tired_that_he_fell_ill__(太累了以至于病倒了)．

2．There are a large number of books in the library, so I hope you can __put/keep_them_ in_place_after_you_read_them__(讀后放在適當位置)．

3．__Having_squeezed_his_wet_clothes_out__(擰干了他的濕衣服后), he left the spot without any word.

4．In my childhood, my mother_reminded_me_over_and_over_again_to_(再三提醒我) pay special attention to table manners.

5．There's a temporary job for you. So please __send_your_application_form_if_possible__(如果可能發(fā)你的申請表來)．

6．The whole process is likely to become complex in a way, but __learning_to_perform_ first_aid_is_essential__ (學會急救是必不可少的) for a newcomer in the hospital.

7．It's a good habit to keep things in place, which will __make_a_difference_to_ one's_future_life__(對于一個人將來的生活有很大影響)．

8．Whether we can protect the rivers from pollution __depends_on_everyone's_ joint_efforts__(取決于大家共同努力)．

9．It's a mystery __why_a_large_number_of_insects_are_dying_out__(為何大量的昆蟲正在滅絕)．

10．I doubt __whether_knowledge_about_first_aid_can_be_put_into_practice__(急救知識能否付諸于實踐) in my daily life.

Ⅲ. 單句改錯

1．It is clearly stated that these regulations apply for everyone in the community, without exception.

__for→to__

2．The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in the place of meat which might be harmful to her heart.

__去掉place前的the__

3．It's through commitment and sweat that I can make difference within myself inside and out.

__make后加a__

4．Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, is treated in hospital now.

__is后加being__

5．It's vital that a successful movie pays much attention to its theme and the figures' characters.

__pays→pay__

6．The children were playing football on the playground while it began to rain.

__while→when__

Ⅳ. 教材原句

1．First aid is a temporary form of help __given__ (give) to someone __who__ suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.

解析：第一空考查分詞作后置定語，a temporary form of help與give為被動關系，故填過去分詞；第二空為定語從句，先行詞為someone，且定語從句缺主語，故填who。

2．It prevents your body __losing__ (lose) too much water.

解析：“prevent...(from) doing”意為“阻止……做……”。

3．If your skin gets __burnt__ (burn) it can be very serious.

解析：“get burnt”意為“燒傷；燙傷”。

4．There are other times __when__ giving first aid quickly can save lives.

解析：考查定語從句。先行詞為other times且從句中缺少狀語，故填when。

5．These __affect__ (effect) both the top and the second layer of the skin.

解析：句中缺少謂語動詞，故應填effect的動詞形式affect。

6．Remove clothing __using__ (use) scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.

解析：句意：除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀?，F(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語，表示主動。

7．You can get burnt by a __variety__ (vary) of things.

解析：“a variety of”意為“各種各樣的”。

8．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid __that__ saved Ms Slade's life.

解析：該句為強調句型，故填that，強調部分為句子主語。

9．I'm proud of __what__ I did but I was just doing __what__ I'd been taught.

解析：兩個what均引導賓語從句，且都在從句中作賓語。

10．Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by __touching__ (touch) a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.

解析：“by doing...”意為“通過某種方式”。

Ⅴ. 語篇填空

It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid ①__that__ saved Ms Slade's life.He immediately asked a number of nearby people ②__for__ bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, ③__his__ father got some tea towels and tape from their house.John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands.He slowed the bleeding by applying ④__pressure__ (press) to the wounds ⑤__until__ the police and ambulance arrived.

“I'm proud of what I did ⑥__but__ I was just doing what I'd been taught，” John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school.When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, “There is no doubt ⑦__that__ John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make ⑧__a__ real difference.”

Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers ⑨__attended__(attend) a special reception yesterday ⑩__hosted__(host) by the Prime Minister.

Ⅵ. 話題寫作

用本單元所學知識完成下列句子，并按照邏輯連成短文。

1．My sister__burnt_her_ankle__when she__knocked_over__a kettle on the cupboard.

我妹妹打翻了櫥子上的水壺，燙傷了腳踝。

2．Her ankle__became_swollen__，and the pain was__unbearable__.I immediately provided some__temporary_treatment__.

她的腳踝腫了，疼痛難忍。我立刻提供了一些臨時治療。

3．I put some cloths in a basin of cool water，__squeezed_them_out__and placed them on the burned area__over_and_over_again__.

我把一些布放到?jīng)鏊?，然后擰干水，放到燙傷的地方，反復地這樣做。

4．I dried the burned area__gently__.

我輕輕地把燙傷的地方弄干。

5．I took__a_pair_of_scissors__and cut__a_bandage__，with which I covered the ankle.I__tied_it_tightly__so that it would stay__in_place__.

我用剪刀剪下一條繃帶，蓋住腳踝。綁緊，以便固定住。

6．I__am_proud_of__what I did and it shows that a knowledge of__first_aid__ can__make_a_real_difference__.

我對所做的事很自豪，這件事表明懂得急救知識真的很有用。

組篇公式：適當加入過渡詞。

答案：

My sister burnt her ankle when she knocked over a kettle on the cupboard.Her ankle became swollen，and the pain was unbearable. I immediately provided some temporary treatment. Firstly, I put some cloths in a basin of cool water, squeezed them out and placed them on the burned area over and over again.Then I dried the burned area gently. Finally I took a pair of scissors and cut a bandage，with which I covered the ankle. I tied it tightly so that it would stay in place.

I am proud of what I did and it shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.