單項填空專練4組
題組Ⅰ
1.(2018, 32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the you’ve made.
A.assignment B.association
C.acquisition D.assumption
2.(2016,24)—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt
3.(2017,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But explanations are hard to find.
A.alternative B.aggressive
C.ambiguous D.apparent
4.(2018,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.
A.had B.will have
C.would have had D.have had
5.(2016,30)Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
A.fallen off B.taken off
C.turned off D.left off
6.(2017,24)The publication of Great Expectations, which both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
7.(2018,30)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan in the past two years.
A.had been carried out B.would be carried out
C.is being carried out D.has been carried out
8.(2017,27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he .
A.was being followed B.was following
C.had been followed D.followed
9.(2018,33)China’s soft power grows the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A.in line with B.in reply to
C.in return for D.in honour of
10.(2017,21)Many Chinese brands, their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A.having developed B.being developed
C.developed D.developing
題組Ⅱ
1.(2016,23)Many young people,most were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A.of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those
2.(2016,34)Not until recently the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage D.they encouraged
3.(2018,26)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
A.having exceeded B.to exceed
C.exceeded D.exceeding
4.(2016,32)—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
— . Opposites sometimes do attract.
A.I hope not B.I think so
C.I appreciate that D.I beg to differ
5.(2018,31)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
A.have developed B.had developed
C.will have developed D.developed
6.(2016,27)If it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now.
A.had not been B.should not be
C.were not to be D.should not have been
7.(2017,23)Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A.why B.when C.which D.where
8.(2016,21)It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A.why B.what C.as D.that
9.(2015,24)Much time sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
A.being spent B.having spent
C.spent D.spending
10.(2018,29) you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A.Once B.Unless
C.If D.When
題組Ⅲ
1.(2015,31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and review of the case.
A.comprehensive B.complicated
C.conscious D.crucial
2.(2017,33)—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—It’s nothing. Just something .
A.as clear as day B.off the top of my head
C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams
3.(2018,28)—You know what?I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh, You’re kidding.
A.so what? B.go ahead. C.come on. D.what for?
4.(2017,29)Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated PCs in sales.
A.controversial B.contradictory
C.confidential D.conventional
5.(2016,31)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A.explicit B.ambiguous
C.original D.arbitrary
6.(2017,32)Determining where we are our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A.in contrast to B.in defense of
C.in face of D.in relation to
7.(2018,23)Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A.that B.where C.which D.when
8.(2017,25)Working with the medical team in Africa has the best in her as a doctor.
A.held out B.brought out
C.picked out D.given out
9.(2018,34)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready
10.(2017,30)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help your year ahead.
A.shape B.switch C.stretch D.sharpen
題組Ⅳ
1.(2017,31)He’s been informed that he for the scholarship because of his academic background.
A.hasn’t qualified B.hadn’t qualified
C.doesn’t qualify D.wasn’t qualifying
2.(2017,22) not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it
3.(2016,28)In art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message within the work.
A.to hide B.hidden
C.hiding D.being hidden
4.(2018,35)—What happened? Your boss seems to .
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off
C.be all ears D.fly off the handle
5.(2016,26) some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
A.Because B.If C.Unless D.While
6.(2015,21)The number of smokers, is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A.it B.which C.what D.as
7.(2018,21)By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.
A.where B.when C.why D.how
8.(2017,26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of it used to charge.
A.that B.which C.what D.how
9.(2016,29)Dashan, who crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
A.will be learning B.is learning
C.had been learning D.has been learning
10.(2015,32)Some schools will have to make in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A.judgments B.adjustments
C.comments D.achievements
答案全解全析
題組Ⅰ
1.D 句意:努力去弄明白實際上正在發(fā)生的事,而不是根據(jù)自己的假設采取行動?？疾槊~辨析。assumption 假定;假設。符合語境。assignment 任務;作業(yè)。association 協(xié)會;聯(lián)合。acquisition (知識、技能等的)獲得;得到。
2.A 句意:——你能告訴我們你幸福、長壽的訣竅嗎?——確切地說,就是充實地度過每一天?？疾槊~辨析。recipe秘訣,訣竅;record記錄;range范圍;receipt收據(jù)。
3.A 句意:恐龍滅絕未必是由天體碰撞事件造成的,但是也很難找到其他的解釋。本題考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知選擇alternative“可供替代的,其他的”。aggressive“咄咄逼人的,有進取心的”,ambiguous“模棱兩可的”,apparent“顯而易見的”。
4.A 句意:這個村子里的人們有良好的社交生活,我希望自己還能有機會去更多地參與其中。考查虛擬語氣。wish后面的賓語從句中往往用虛擬語氣,此處表達現(xiàn)在的一個愿望,謂語動詞要用過去式,所以答案為A項。
5.B 句意:多虧適宜創(chuàng)業(yè)的寬松氛圍,很多大學生創(chuàng)辦的公司都已經(jīng)取得成功了?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。fall off減少,下降;take off成功,起飛,脫掉;turn off關閉;leave off停止。
6.C 句意:《遠大前程》這本書被廣泛地評價和高度地贊揚,它的出版鞏固了狄更斯作為最杰出的小說家的地位。本題結合時態(tài)考查主謂一致。根據(jù)題干可以確定,which引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為Great Expectations這本書,因此定語從句中的be動詞應是單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)題干中的strengthened可知,語境為過去,因此設空處的時態(tài)應為一般過去時,故選擇C項。
7.A 句意:上個月我被派到這個村子來看看在過去的兩年發(fā)展計劃的實施情況?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)。設空處表示的動作應該發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞was sent之前,屬于“過去的過去”,所以要用過去完成時,故答案為A項。
8.A 句意:他匆忙往家趕,從未回頭看看是否有人跟著他。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,設空處應用被動語態(tài),因此排除B、D兩項。從題干中的hurried可知語境為過去;C項是過去完成時,表示跟蹤這個動作發(fā)生在往家趕之前,與語境不符;而過去進行時的被動語態(tài)表示當時正在被跟蹤,故選A項。
9.A 句意:中國軟實力的增長是與全球?qū)χ袊粩嘣鲩L的欣賞和理解緊密相連的。考查介詞短語。in line with與……相似;與……緊密相連。符合語境。in reply to答復。in return for作為回報。in honour of 為向……表示尊敬。
10.A 句意:很多中國的品牌,已經(jīng)積攢了幾百年的聲譽,正在面臨著來自現(xiàn)代市場的挑戰(zhàn)。本題考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知題干中兩個逗號中間的部分為非謂語動詞短語,develop的邏輯主語是Many Chinese brands,兩者之間為主動關系;根據(jù)時間狀語over centuries可知用having done的形式,故選擇A項。
題組Ⅱ
1.C 句意:很多年輕人都去了偏遠地區(qū)追求自己的夢想,他們中大部分都受過良好的教育。考查定語從句。most were well-educated為定語從句,先行詞為many young people,指人,故排除A項;B項和D項都不能引導從句,故選C項。
2.C 句意:直到近期,他們才開始鼓勵農(nóng)村地區(qū)與旅游有關的活動的發(fā)展。考查倒裝句。not until位于句首時,句子用部分倒裝結構,故排除A項和D項;根據(jù)recently可知此處并非指“過去的過去”,故排除B項。此處指過去所發(fā)生的動作,故用一般過去時態(tài)。
3.D 句意:這段時期大約一萬三千五百個新工作被創(chuàng)造出來,超過了市場分析專家預測的一萬兩千個?？疾榉侵^語動詞。設空處是非謂語動詞作狀語,與Around 13,500 new jobs是主動關系,且沒有動作發(fā)生前后的關系,要用v.-ing形式的一般式,所以答案為D項。
4.D 句意:——只有那些有很多共同之處的人才能相處得很好?！∥也荒芡?。有時候?qū)α⒌氖挛锎_實也很有吸引力。本題考查情景交際。I hope not但愿不是這樣; I think so和I appreciate that都表示贊同; I beg to differ恕我不能同意。根據(jù)Opposites sometimes do attract.可知,后者不同意前者的看法,故選D項。情景交際的考查體現(xiàn)了英語的交際功能?？忌诮忸}時必須充分理解語境,另外還不能受到母語的影響,所選交際用語必須符合英語習慣。
5.C 句意:在2025年我們有望不再互相發(fā)電子郵件了,因為到那時我們就已經(jīng)開發(fā)出更便捷的電子交流工具了?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境和時間狀語in 2025,by then可知,此處表達“說話者認為在將來某個時間已經(jīng)完成某事了”,所以要用將來完成時,故答案為C項。
6.A 句意:如果不是因為那天他的邀請,我現(xiàn)在是不會在這里的。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)語境可知,本題用了虛擬語氣,又根據(jù)主句中的now和從句中的the other day可知本句是一個錯綜時間條件句,主句和現(xiàn)在的事實相反,從句和過去的事實相反,故從句應用過去完成時態(tài),故選A。本題題干簡短,容易理解。虛擬語氣用在if引導的條件狀語從句中,判斷與什么時間的事實相反非常關鍵,因此本題中時間狀語the other day是判斷的一個重要依據(jù)。
7.D 句意:由于位于“一帶”和“一路”的交匯處,將對“一帶一路”的建設貢獻更多。本題考查地點狀語從句。設空處引導地點狀語從句,且在從句中作地點狀語,應用where引導,故選擇D項。
8.D 句意:對于那些不放棄希望的人來說,發(fā)生什么都是有可能的,這是很常見的。本題考查名詞性從句。本句中it為形式主語,空格處引導的從句為真正的主語,從句結構和意義完整,應由that引導主語從句。故選D項。在解決名詞性從句相關考題時,分析句子結構、判斷句子成分非常關鍵。It is often the case that...也可以被看成是一個固定句型。
9.C 句意:因為在桌前久坐,辦公室工作人員一般都被健康問題所困擾。本題考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語much time 與spend之間為被動關系且表示完成,應用過去分詞,構成獨立主格結構作原因狀語,相當于As much time is spent sitting...。故選C項?？忌恢睍押毩⒅鞲窠Y構的句子與并列句混淆。命題者還是手下留情,有意降低了難度。如果選項中有is spent,相當一部分考生會誤選該選項。
10.B 句意:如果你睡不好覺的話,一兩夜過后你就會無法集中注意力,無法做計劃,也無法保持干勁了。考查狀語從句。根據(jù)語境可知此處考查條件狀語從句,unless=if...not,意為“除非……;如果不……”。
題組Ⅲ
1.A 句意:警察決定對這個案子進行一次徹底的、全面的審查。本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。要填的形容詞應該和thorough(徹底的)是并列的,故選comprehensive(全面的)。complicated復雜的;conscious有意識的,清醒的;crucial至關重要的。
2.B 句意:——你T恤上的東西是什么意思啊?——沒什么,只是隨便寫上去的而已。本題考查習語。根據(jù)題干中的nothing可知沒有特別含義,因此選擇B項,off the top of one’s head“不假思索,即興”。
3.C 句意:——你知道嗎?我得到了一張新年音樂會的門票。——哦,算了吧。你在開玩笑?？疾榍榫敖浑H。come on在此處意為“算了吧;得了吧”。So what?那又怎樣?Go ahead.可以。What for?為什么?
4.D 句意:僅僅在史蒂夫·喬布斯去世5年后,智能手機在銷量上就打敗了傳統(tǒng)的個人電腦。本題考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知此題應選擇D項,conventional“傳統(tǒng)的”。controversial“有爭議的”,contradictory“自相矛盾的”,confidential“機密的”。
5.A 句意:他的全面的調(diào)查就數(shù)據(jù)收集的方式和依據(jù)做出了清楚的描述?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。explicit易于理解的,清楚的;ambiguous不明確的;original原先的,最初的;arbitrary武斷的。
6.D 句意:通過對比我們周圍的環(huán)境來確定我們的位置仍然是我們生存的重要技能。本題考查介詞短語辨析。根據(jù)句意可知,應選擇in relation to“相對于……而言”。in contrast to“和……相比”,in defense of“為……辯護”,in(the) face of“面臨”。
7.B 句意:無人駕駛是一個中國和世界其他國家處在同一起跑線上的領域。考查定語從句。設空處引導的是定語從句,修飾先行詞an area。將先行詞代入定語從句后為:China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area. 由此可知,關系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語,所以要用關系副詞where引導。
8.B 句意:在非洲醫(yī)療隊的工作讓她作為醫(yī)生的才能得到了最大限度發(fā)揮。本題考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)句意可知,應選B。bring out意為“使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出”,常構成bring out the best in sb.這一表達。
9.B 句意:盡管這家賓館的服務質(zhì)量很糟糕,但是賓館經(jīng)理還是不愿意在給員工足夠的培訓方面投資?？疾樾稳菰~。reluctant 勉強的,不愿意的,符合語境。keen 熱切的;著迷的。anxious 焦急的;焦慮不安的。ready 準備好的;愿意的。
10.A 句意:在年底對一年的成功和失敗進行一個快速的回顧會有助于你下一年的發(fā)展。本題考查動詞詞義辨析。shape影響……的發(fā)展;switch改變,轉(zhuǎn)換;stretch伸展;sharpen加劇,使尖銳。A項符合題意。故選A項。
題組Ⅳ
1.C 句意:他被告知由于他的學術背景,他沒有資格獲得獎學金。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知,題干中所陳述的是事實?？梢赃@樣理解,學術背景是既定事實,短期內(nèi)可能無法改變,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時表達更貼切。
2.B 句意:沒有老師們的支持,這個學生不可能克服她的困難。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)題干中的the student could not overcome可知,語境是對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬,be動詞在虛擬語氣中通常用were。當if虛擬條件句中省略了if時,從句部分應使用倒裝結構,故選擇B項。
3.B 句意:在藝術評論中,你必須假設藝術家在作品中都會隱藏一個秘密的信息。本題考查非謂語動詞。message與hide之間存在邏輯上的被動關系,且表示動作已完成,應用過去分詞形式。不定式表示將來的動作,故排除A項;現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動關系,故排除C項;D項雖表示被動,但表示正在進行,也可排除。本題語境比較簡單,不難理解。
4.D 句意:——發(fā)生什么事了?你們的老板好像大發(fā)雷霆了。——難道你不知道他的秘書把那份秘密報告泄露給了新聞媒體嗎?考查英語習語。fly off the handle大發(fā)雷霆。符合語境。be over the moon 高興極了。laugh one’s head off狂笑不已。be all ears全神貫注地聽。
5.D 句意:有些人受到成功需求的激勵,而有些人則是受到害怕失敗的激勵。考查連詞。while而,然而,用來表示兩件事物的對比。because引導原因狀語從句,if和unless引導條件狀語從句。
6.D 句意:正如所報道的那樣,吸煙的人數(shù)僅在一年內(nèi)就已經(jīng)減少了百分之十七。本題考查定語從句。根據(jù)句子結構可知,設空處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為整個主句。it和what不能引導定語從句,排除A、C兩項;which和as都可以引導非限制性定語從句,當表示“正如”的含義時,常用as引導定語從句。故選D項。區(qū)分which和as引導的定語從句是定語從句中的一個難點,考生除了要學會分析句子結構,還要正確理解句意。
7.D 句意:坐船是到達這里的唯一方式,這也是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_這里的?？疾楸碚Z從句。which引導的是一個非限制性定語從句,其中設空處引導的是表語從句,結合語境和By boat可知,此處表達的是到達這里的方式,所以要用how引導。
8.C 句意:我們選擇這家賓館是因為這里住一晚上的價格降到了20美元,這是其之前要價的一半。本題考查賓語從句。逗號后面是$20的同位語,charge后面缺少賓語,故用what引導。
9.D 句意:大山學習中國傳統(tǒng)喜劇形式——相聲已經(jīng)幾十年了,他想把它與西方的單口喜劇傳統(tǒng)結合起來。根據(jù)句意以及for decades可知,“學習”這一動作從過去一直延續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在,并且現(xiàn)在還在進行,故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時;主語Dashan為第三人稱單數(shù),故答案選D。
10.B 句意:有些學校將不得不作出一些調(diào)整來和國家足球改革保持一致。本題考查名詞詞義辨析。adjustment調(diào)整;judgment評判;comment評論;achievement成就。根據(jù)句意可知選B項。足球改革是一個熱門話題,本題語境富有時代氣息。備選項都為考生所熟悉的詞匯,意義區(qū)分也非常明顯,考生根據(jù)語境不難選出正確答案。
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