人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)各知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
Unti1 what’s the matter?
短語(yǔ)歸納
1.too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下
3.get an X-ray 做個(gè)X光檢查 4.take one ’s temperature 量體溫
5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷藥 6.have a fever 發(fā)燒
7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 沒多想
9.get off 下車 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去醫(yī)院
11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......驚訝的
13.thanks to多虧于；由于 14.in time及時(shí)
15.think about 考慮 16.have a heart problem患有心臟病
17.get into the trouble 遇到麻煩 18.do the right thing做正確的事情事情
19.fall down 摔倒 20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上
21.get hit/sunburned 摔傷/燒傷 22.be interested in 對(duì).....感興趣
23.be used to 習(xí)慣于.... 24.take risks/take a risk 挑戰(zhàn)
25.lose one’s life 失去生命 26.because of 因?yàn)?/p>
27.run out of 用完 28.cut off 切除
29.get out of 從...出來 30.make a decision/decisions 做決定
31.be in control of 掌管；管理 32.give up 放棄
用法歸納
1.need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看見某人正在做某事
3.ask sb sth 詢問某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
5.agree to do sth 同意做某事 6.help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事
9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困難 10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事
11.be/get used t
o doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事
13.keep on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
1.詢問某人的健康問題及遇到麻煩的表達(dá)方法
2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法
3.不定代詞的用法
精細(xì)解讀
1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？
What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever發(fā)燒 have a cough咳嗽
have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache頭疼
3. 身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+形容詞或副詞，意為太。。。，too much+不可數(shù)名詞，意為太多。。。。
5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名詞后，形副后。
good enough足夠好，enough money足夠的錢
6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺著，過去式lay；lie說謊，過去式lied
7. maybe “或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.
8. sound like+名詞代詞和從句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主語(yǔ)通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主語(yǔ)通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下（公交車） get on 上車
11. agree 同意，贊同；同意做某事agree to do ，同意某人的看法、觀點(diǎn)agree with sb。
12. trouble問題，麻煩 ；be in trouble 陷入困境，make trouble 制造麻煩 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事有困難 。
13. right away=right now=at once，意為 立刻，馬上 。
14. run out用完，用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物用盡了。 人sb. run out of sth..人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.
15. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險(xiǎn)
16. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
17. decision 【名詞】決定；抉擇； make a decision 做決定
18. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control無法控制，無法管理
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
【反身代詞】英語(yǔ)中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。
用在某些固定短語(yǔ)當(dāng)中。
如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自學(xué)
enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快
help oneself to sth 請(qǐng)自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）.
hurt oneself摔傷自己
say to oneself自言自語(yǔ)
leave sb. by oneself把某人單獨(dú)留下
buy oneself sth.給自己買……東西
introduce oneself 介紹……自己
【提醒】
1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ)，但可以做主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。
（誤）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2. 反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時(shí)，須要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
【練習(xí)】
1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.
2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.
3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.
4. My cat can find food by_________ .
5. Help __________to some beef, boys.
6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.
7. We can finish our homework by_________ .
8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.
9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?
10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks
短語(yǔ)歸納
1.clean up 打掃干凈 2.cheer up （使）變得更高興；振奮起來
3.give out 分發(fā) 4. used to 曾經(jīng)......；過去........
5.give away 贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng) 6.set up 建立；設(shè)立
7.make a difference有作為 8.come up with 想出
9.put off 推遲 10.put up 張貼
11.call up 打電話給 12.help out 幫助.....擺脫困難
13.care for 照顧；照看 14.give up 放棄
15.try out for 參加選拔 16.come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)
17.run out of 用光 18.take after 與.....相像
19.fix up 修理 20.be similiar to 與......相似
用法歸納
1.need to do sth 需要做某事 2.make plan to do sth 制定計(jì)劃做某事
3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事
4.used to do sth 過去常常做某事 5.decide to do sth 決定做某事
6.help sb (to)do sth 幫助某人做某事 7.make a difference to 對(duì)......產(chǎn)生影響
8.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事對(duì)某人來說是可能的
拓展鏈接
動(dòng)詞+副詞 短語(yǔ)
cheer up 使高興起來 clean up 打掃干凈 put up 張貼 mix up 修理
give away 贈(zèng)送 give out 分發(fā) give up 放棄 use up用光 get up 起床
hand in 上交 put off 推遲 pick up 撿起 think over
仔細(xì)思考 turn down 關(guān)小音量
set up 建立 set off 出發(fā) look out 小心
動(dòng)詞+介詞 短語(yǔ)
look after 照顧 belong to 屬于 take after 與....相像 hear from 收到.....來信
hear of 聽說 pay for 支付 wait for 等待
動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 短語(yǔ)
get out of 避免 come up with 想出 catch up with 追上趕上look forward to 期待盼望
go on with 繼續(xù)
動(dòng)詞+名詞 短語(yǔ)
have a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步 make mistakes 犯錯(cuò) have a try 試一下
take place 發(fā)生 tell a lie 撒謊 make a decision 做決定
動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞 短語(yǔ)
have a look at 看一看 make a friend with 與.....交朋友pay attention to 注意 make fun of 取笑
Be+形容詞+介詞 短語(yǔ)
be late for 遲到 be angry wit
h 生氣 be fond of 喜歡 be good at 擅長(zhǎng)
be good for 對(duì)...有好處 be short of 缺乏 be similiar to 與......相似
be strict with 對(duì)......嚴(yán)格要求 be pound of 驕傲 自豪
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
動(dòng)詞不定式歸納
只跟動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
決心學(xué)會(huì)有希望（ decide,learn,wish,hope）
同意計(jì)劃莫假裝（agree,plan,pretend）
忘記拒絕會(huì)失望（forget,refuse,fail）
準(zhǔn)備設(shè)法來幫忙（prepare,try,manage,help
）
提供請(qǐng)求負(fù)擔(dān)起（offer,beg,afford）
記得阻止理應(yīng)當(dāng)（remember stop,be supposed）
習(xí)題鏈接
1.-Tom failed the exam again
-Sorry to hear that. We should do something to .
A. cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him
2.The boys volunteer three hours
up the park near their school.
A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. with cleaning
3.The woman in red a teacher.She works in a hospital now.
A. used to be B. is used to be C.was used to be D.is
4.The old man lives ,but he doesn’t feel .
A. alone;alone B. lonely;lonely C.lonely;alone D. alone;lonely
5.Tina, I have something important you.
A.telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell
6.--The old man
all his money to a charity.
A.took away B.put away C.went away D.gave away
7.We all feel after hear of the news.
A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
短語(yǔ)歸納
1.do the dishes 洗餐具 2.take out the trash 倒垃圾 3.at least 至少
4.throw down扔下 5.all the time 一直；反復(fù)
6.in surprise 驚訝地 7.as soon as 一......就......
8.spend......on......在......花費(fèi)（時(shí)間、金錢、精力）
9. in order to 為了 10.provide sth for sb 向某人提供某物
11.depend on 依賴；信賴 12.look after 照顧；照看
13.take care of 照顧 14.as a result 結(jié)果
用法歸納
1.finish doing sth 做完某事 2.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
3.try (not) to do sth 盡力（不）做某事 4.let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
5.spend......(in) doing sth 花費(fèi)......做某事
6.mind doing sth 介意做某事 7.learn to do sth 學(xué)習(xí)做某事
8.learn how to do sth 學(xué)習(xí)怎樣做某事
9.The +比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí) 越......，就越.....
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could
的用法
表示請(qǐng)求與準(zhǔn)許，could 委婉有禮貌；
表示能力會(huì)不會(huì)，could只把過去表
Unit 4 why don’t you talk to your parents?
短語(yǔ)歸納
1.too much太多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞） 2.hang out 閑逛
3.too many 太多（修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 4.get into a fight 爭(zhēng)吵
5.call sb up 給某人打電話 6.talk about 談?wù)?/p>
7.look through 瀏覽 8.give back 歸還
9.be angry with sb 生某人的氣 10.a big deal 重要的事情
11.work out 解決；算出 12.get on
with sb 與某人和睦相
處
13.communicate with sb 與某人交流 14.be worried about 擔(dān)心.....
15.be afraid of 害怕..... 16.i
n front of在...前面
17.not... any more 不再... 18.so much/many 那么多
19.compete with sb 與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 20.cut out刪除；刪去
21.all kinds of 各種各樣 22.compare....with.....比較；對(duì)比
23.in one’s opinion 依...看 24.turn down 調(diào)小
用法歸納
1.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事 2.why don’t you do sth?為什么不做某事呢？
3.why not do sth ?為什么不做某事呢？ 4.find sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事
5.tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事 6.refuse to do sth 拒絕做某事
7.let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 8.offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提供做某事
9.not....until....直到....才... 10.it’s time to do sth 該做某事了
11.it +adj+to do sth 做某事是.....的 12.keep on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事
13.what do you think of...?你認(rèn)為....怎么樣？
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
1.Why don’t you+V.......?等提出建議的句型及常用的答語(yǔ)
2.連詞until,so that 以及although 引導(dǎo)的狀
語(yǔ)從句
Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?
短語(yǔ)歸納
1.wait for 等待 2.look for 尋找
3.go off (鬧鈴）
發(fā)出聲音 4.take a shower 洗澡
5.pick up 接電話；撿起 6.make sure 確信；務(wù)必
7.have fun 玩的開心 8.fall asleep入睡；睡覺
9.die down 逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失 10.wake up 醒來；叫醒
11.in a mess 亂七八糟 12.take photos 照相
13.turn on 打開 14.in silence 沉默地；無聲地
15.take down摧毀；拆卸；記下 16.tell the truth 說實(shí)話
17.point out 指出 18.go away 消失
19.as well 也
用法歸納
1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事
2.see sb /sth doing sth 看見某人或某物正在做某事
3.begin/start to do sth 開始做某事
4.try to do sth 努力去做某事
5.have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有困難
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
過去進(jìn)行最好記，was/were+doing
特定時(shí)間有暗示，過去某刻某時(shí)段
肯定主語(yǔ)在句首，一般問句Be提前
否定句式更簡(jiǎn)單，Be后只把not添
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