| 導(dǎo)讀 | iwconfig是Linux Wireless Extensions(LWE)的用戶層配置工具之一。LWE是Linux下對無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置的工具，包括內(nèi)核的支持、用戶層配置工具和驅(qū)動接口的支持三部分。目前很多無線網(wǎng)卡都支持LWE，而且主流的Linux發(fā)布版本，比如Redhat Linux、Ubuntu Linux都已經(jīng)帶了這個配置工具。 |
1. 安裝 wireless_tools 和 madwifi
pacman -S wireless_tools madwifi
2. 查看網(wǎng)卡狀態(tài)
lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hubBus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hubBus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hubBus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hubBus 002 Device 002: ID 093a:2510 Pixart Imaging, Inc. Optical MouseBus 001 Device 003: ID 0cf3:7015 Atheros Communications, Inc.
在USB接口001/003上檢測到網(wǎng)卡。
iwconfig
lo no wireless extensions.eth0 no wireless extensions.wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off
無線網(wǎng)卡為 wlan0
3. 激活網(wǎng)卡
ifconfig wlan0 up
因為我的網(wǎng)卡必需要先激活才能掃描，否則下一步scan會出現(xiàn)錯誤：wlan0 Interface doesn't support scanning.
4. 掃描網(wǎng)絡(luò)
iwlist wlan0 scan
wlan0 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 54:E6:FC:22:E1:D2 Channel:1 Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Quality=53/70 Signal level=-57 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:'TP-LINK_22E1D2' Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=000000292a41bd80 Extra: Last beacon: 960ms ago IE: Unknown: 000E54502D4C494E4B5F323245314432 IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824 IE: Unknown: 030101 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
發(fā)現(xiàn)WPA2-PSK/WPA-PSK 加密網(wǎng)絡(luò) TP-LINK_22E1D2，因為加密方式為 WPA-PSK 所以得用 wpa_supplicant 而不能使用 iwconfig wlan0 key xxx 形式，iwconfig key方式適用于WEP。
5. 配置 wpa_supplicant
新建文件 /etc/my_wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicantnetwork={ ssid='TP-LINK_22E1D2' psk='密碼'}
因為全部使用默認配置，所以配置文件非常簡單。
6. 連接wlan0到網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并以daemon方式運行
wpa_supplicant -B -i wlan0 -c /etc/my_wpa_supplicant.conf-B Background 在后臺以daemon 運行-i interface-c 配置文件
7. 設(shè)置IP地址
ifconfig wlan0 192.168.1.131
ifconfig 查看狀態(tài)
wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 54:E6:FC:03:0D:6B inet addr:192.168.1.131 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:95 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:32434 (31.6 Kb) TX bytes:576 (576.0 b)
8. 加入網(wǎng)關(guān)到路由
我的網(wǎng)關(guān)的是192.168.1.1，添加通過wlan0訪問的網(wǎng)關(guān)
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0
查看狀態(tài)
Kernel IP routing tableDestination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0
9. 設(shè)置完畢。
以后上線只需運行以下命令即可
wpa_supplicant -B -i wlan0 -c /etc/my_wpa_supplicant.confifconfig wlan0 192.168.1.131route add default gw 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0
10. 相關(guān)命令
關(guān)閉連接
wpa_cli terminate
連接狀態(tài)
wpa_cli status
原文來自：http://www.jiangmiao.org/blog/1781.html
本文地址：http://www.linuxprobe.com/linux-wlan-option.html編輯：楊鵬飛，審核員：逄增寶
