人稱代詞是用來指代人、動物或事物的代詞。它必須在人稱(第一人稱、第二人稱、及第三人稱)、數(shù)(單數(shù)、復數(shù))以及性(陰性、陽性、中性)三方面與被指代的名詞一致。
1) 定義:人稱代詞是用來指代人、動物或事物的代詞。它必須在人稱(第一人稱、第二人稱、及第三人稱)、數(shù)(單數(shù)、復數(shù))以及性(陰性、陽性、中性)三方面與被指代的名詞一致。
如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student.
Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.
The boys are students, and they are in the room.
The doy is small. It is Tom's.
2)人稱代詞的句法功能
A) 人稱代詞有主格和賓語之分:主格用作主語,賓格用作賓語。
B) 人稱代詞的主格形式在在句中作主語和表語。
如: I like music(主語). She is a teacher.(主語)
She and I are good friends(主語).
Neither she nor I am student.
——I saw the boys this morning.
——Are you sure it was they(表語)?
C) 人稱代詞的賓格在句子作動詞的賓語,或者介詞的賓語。
如:I saw him at the party(賓語).
I haven't seen them recently.(賓語)
I bought a book for them.(作介詞賓語)
=I bought them a book.(間接賓語)
☆注意:
a.在口語中,人稱代詞的主格形式作表語時,常??梢杂觅e格替換。
如:It can't be he/him.
——Is this Mr. Green?
——Yes, this is he/him.
b. 在口語中,當人稱代詞用于than, as 之后或用于強調句中被強調時,用主格(較正式)和賓格(較口語化)均可以。
如:
He sings better than I/me. 他比我唱得好。
You know more than she/her.
She is as tall as me(I am).
c. 單獨使用的人稱代詞通常用賓格,即使它充當?shù)氖侵髡Z也是如此。如:
“I like English.” “Me too=I like English too.” “我喜歡英語。”“我也喜歡?!?/p>
——Who did it?
——Them.(=They did it)
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