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Say Cheese!

說“茄子”！

When the lens cap comes off, the ritual to say cheese! and grin as the camera clicks has become second nature. Saying the word cheese, with its elongated ‘e’ sound, is supposed to turn the curves of our mouths upwards into a toothy grin, ensuring that everyone in the photo looks happy in that particular moment. But why is it specifically the word cheese that is used and not something else? What about in other languages – do they borrow the English word cheese or do other countries have their own magic smiling word?

當(dāng)鏡頭對(duì)準(zhǔn)人們，英國人會(huì)統(tǒng)一說“cheese!”，然后露出微笑并保持住，直到相機(jī)拍照音響起。說出cheese一詞，并拉長(zhǎng)e的聲音，會(huì)讓我們的嘴角向上彎曲，保持露齒的笑容，確保照片中每個(gè)人都在這一刻看起來很高興。但為什么單單用cheese這個(gè)詞，就不能用其他詞嗎？其他語言中是什么情況——它們是借用英語cheese，還是各國有各自的魔力微笑詞？

While you might think of the expression say cheese as a fairly recent language development, along with terms like cheesy grin, the first known account of the term being used in this photography sense actually dates back to at least the 1940s. The Oxford English Dictionary cites an article from 1943 in The Mansfield News, an Ohio-based newspaper, relating the story of a former US ambassador to the Soviet Union who ‘discovered the formula while having his own picture taken… Just say ‘Cheese’. It’s an automatic smile.’

很多人可能認(rèn)為say cheese這種表達(dá)是新近才有的，就像詞組cheesy grin【咧嘴笑，因?yàn)樾Φ锰^夸張而看起來不走心、可能不真誠】，但其實(shí)這種表達(dá)在拍照時(shí)使用至少可以追溯到1940年代?！杜＝蛴⒄Z詞典》（The Oxford English Dictionary，簡(jiǎn)稱OED）中收錄的一條引文來自1943年美國俄亥俄州的報(bào)紙《曼斯菲爾德新聞》的一篇文章，講述了前美國駐蘇聯(lián)大使的故事，這位大使“發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己拍照時(shí)的一個(gè)程式......只要說Cheese，就自動(dòng)顯露出微笑” 。

Say cheese! went on to become an international export, either maintaining its original English form, being translated into the local word for cheese, or taking on a new variation, like ‘chīzu’ (チーズ) in Japanese. Find out what they say in other countries around the world!

“Say cheese!”繼而傳播到世界各地，要么保留了最初的英語表達(dá)，要么把cheese譯為當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言,還有的變通采用了新表達(dá)（比如日本人說chīzu）。來看看其他國家拍照時(shí)的微笑詞都是什么吧！

Getting your photo taken in Germany comes with plenty of options, and while ‘k?sekuchen’, meaning cheesecake, is probably closest to the English variation, there are some more creative expressions, like ‘a(chǎn)meisenscheisse’, which translates as ant shit, and the more family-friendly spaghetti, borrowed from Italian.

在德國拍照，人們有很多詞可選，其中k?sekuchen可能最接近英語cheese，意思是cheesecake（奶酪蛋糕）。還有一些更具創(chuàng)意的表達(dá)，例如ameisenscheisse，直譯為ant shit（螞蟻屎），更為老少咸宜的是spaghetti，借自意大利語。

France clearly has more than enough cheese in the day-to-day as the go-to word for smiling in photos is ‘ouistiti’, which means marmoset.

法國人日常吃奶酪確實(shí)稀松平常，而拍照時(shí)的微笑語卻是ouistiti，意思是marmoset（絨猴）。

The Spanish draw smiling inspiration from food, taking the humble potato, the ‘patata’, a staple in Spanish cuisine, in the place of ‘cheese!’. However, it’s an odd choice, since it doesn’t form the mouth into a smiley shape, which is why some locals get creative with funny alternatives – like ‘pis’, with a long ‘i’.

西班牙人的拍照微笑語受到食物的啟發(fā)，替代cheese的是普通的馬鈴薯patata，西班牙料理的主食。然而，這是個(gè)奇怪的選擇，因?yàn)樗]有讓人形成一個(gè)笑臉狀的嘴型，因此有些西班牙人采用了頗具創(chuàng)意且有趣的替代詞，像pis，拉長(zhǎng)i的音。

Catalans get their laughs from the male name ‘Lluis’, which does a similar job to the English cheese, since it shares similar vowels that make you smile.

加泰羅尼亞人的笑源自男性名字Lluis，類似英語中cheese的功用，因?yàn)槎哂蓄愃频脑?，讓人念時(shí)露出微笑。

Italians keep things simple, by either using the English word cheese or by opting for ‘sorridi’, as an instruction meaning smile.

意大利人總是把事情簡(jiǎn)單化，要么直接用英文單詞cheese，要么就說sorridi，這是個(gè)提示，意思是笑笑。

Latin American Spanish switches the sober ‘patata’ for the more adventurous (and smile inducing) ‘whiskey’, with the instruction ‘diga whiskey’, meaning ‘say whiskey!’.

拉丁美洲的西班牙人把聽起來略穩(wěn)重的patata換成了更具冒險(xiǎn)精神（且引人發(fā)笑）的whiskey，通常會(huì)提示diga whiskey，意思是“say whiskey!”（說威士忌）。

Mandarin Chinese speakers usually get you to say cheese by saying eggplant, ‘qiézi’ (茄子), which sounds very similar to cheese and has the same smiling effect. In Taiwan, the word seven, ‘qī’ (七) is used. However, if you want to see those smiles on camera in Hong Kong, just say one two three, ‘yāt yim sàam’ (一 二 三).

中國人說普通話的通常拍照會(huì)說“茄子”（qiézi），聽起來跟cheese很像，同樣具有微笑效果。在臺(tái)灣，人們會(huì)說數(shù)字“七”（qī）；到了香港，拍照時(shí)想要同樣的微笑，只需說“一二三”（粵語發(fā)音yāt yim sàam）。

In Japan, ‘hai, chiizu!’ (はい、チーズ!), derives from the English say cheese, but there is another cute variant, where the photographer says 1+1 in Japanese, to which the person(s) being photographed answer with two, ‘ni’ (二) in Japanese.

在日本，人們會(huì)說“はい、チーズ! ”（hai, chiizu!），大概就取自英文say cheese，但還有一種可愛的方式，就是攝影師會(huì)用日語說“1+1”，拍照對(duì)象回答“2”，日語發(fā)音ni。

In South Korea, ‘Kimchi’, a spicy fermented cabbage dish, is not just a culinary staple, but one that is used for making people smile on camera. ‘Kimchi’ has the right vowels to shape the mouth into a toothy grin, making it an ideal Korean alternative to cheese.

在韓國，kimchi（辣白菜）不僅是韓料代表，還是拍照的微笑詞。Kimchi中的元音正好可以讓人露齒微笑，成為韓國人完美的cheese替代詞。

India is a country with 22 official languages, but since English is widely spoken, it’s unsurprising that cheese is still commonly used when it comes to taking photos. However, in Hindi, it’s quite common to start saying ‘paneer’ (????), the Hindi word for a local cottage cheese when posing for a photo. However, other Indian languages just instruct you to smile, like the Tamil ‘siri’ (????) or laughter in Telagu, ‘navvu’ (?????).

印度有22種官方語言，但由于普遍使用英語，人們拍照時(shí)仍常用cheese，這不足為奇。不過，用印地語的人拍照時(shí)常常說????（paneer奶豆腐），印地語中一種當(dāng)?shù)啬汤?。而其他印度語言只是簡(jiǎn)單提示你微笑，像泰米爾語????（siri）和泰盧固語的笑?????（navvu）。

Bulgarians also draw their smiling inspiration from food, saying ‘zele’ (Зеле), which means cabbage.

保加利亞人也是從食物中獲得靈感，拍照時(shí)會(huì)說Зеле（zele），即“卷心菜”。

The English word cheese has become popular in Russia, as well as the Russian word ‘seer’ (сыр) which also means cheese. Say raisins, ‘skazhi izyum’ (Скажи изюм), is another way to get Russians smiling in your pictures.

英語的cheese在俄羅斯已經(jīng)非常流行了，還有俄語詞сыр（seer），也是奶酪的意思。讓俄羅斯人拍照時(shí)微笑的另一種方式是說Скажи изюм（skazhi izyum），意思是say raisins（說葡萄干）。

The word for the fruit orange, ‘a(chǎn)ppelsin’, gets the Danes grinning.

丹麥人拍照時(shí)微笑會(huì)說appelsin，即橙子。

Hungarians play with the sound cheese, with the word ‘csíz’, which phonetically sounds the same as the English but is actually a Eurasian siskin, a small type of bird. ‘Bicikli’ or ’vízibicikli’, meaning bicycle or water bicycle, are also becoming more commonly used in Hungary.

匈牙利人根據(jù)cheese的發(fā)音選擇了單詞csíz，該詞發(fā)音與英語cheese完全一樣，但其實(shí)意思是一種小鳥——?dú)W亞黃雀。bicikli（自行車）或vízibicikli（水上自行車）也漸漸變成匈牙利人的常用拍照詞。

In Czechia and Slovakia, the local word for cheese, ‘syr’, is also used when taking photos, but sometimes a simple, smile – ‘usměv’ – will do.

在捷克和斯洛伐克，人們拍照時(shí)也會(huì)使用syr，本地語cheese的意思，但有時(shí)就簡(jiǎn)單地說“笑笑”——usměv。

When in Iceland, if you have a little difficulty getting your mouth around ‘Segeu sís!’, say ‘sís’, which apparently has no meaning – just the sound ‘sís’ gets you smiling on camera.

在冰島，如果完整地說“Segeu sís!”有些困難，可以只說sís，這個(gè)詞沒有什么意思，就是發(fā)音可以讓人拍照時(shí)面帶微笑。

When in Sweden, you’ll want to say omelette instead of cheese, ‘S?g omelett!’ But you can also say ‘snigel fiss’, meaning snail fiss, to get a bit of laughter on camera.

在瑞典，人們不說cheese，而會(huì)說omelette（煎蛋卷），“S?g omelett!”。 不過，你也可以說snigel fiss（snail fiss），這會(huì)讓你拍照時(shí)笑得很開心。

（感謝“牛津辭典”授權(quán)）