突然很想問一句,這么多年了,英語中的句子成分你搞清楚了嗎?什么“主謂賓、定狀補(bǔ)”這些句子成分,你們能說清楚這些句子成分嗎”?來看看小編吐血整理出的入門版英語句子成分講解,希望對尼們有幫助哈~
英語句子成分講解
1
主語
①表明句子說的是誰或什么情況
②一般可由名詞, 動名詞, 動詞不定式, 代詞, 數(shù)詞等充當(dāng)
The car (主語)runs fast.
Swimming (主語)is my favorite.
To see (主語)is to believe.
She(主語) is kind.
Eight (主語)is a luky number in China.
2
謂語
①說明主語的情況(動作或狀態(tài))
②一般由及物動詞和不及物動詞充當(dāng)
He reads(謂語) a book.
The boy likes (謂語)English.
She heard (謂語)the news.
The river flows(謂語).
The sun rises(謂語).
The horse runs(謂語).
3
賓語
①用于及物動詞后稱為動詞賓語, 介詞后稱為介詞賓語
②有些動詞可接雙賓語(即直接賓語→常指物, 和間接賓語→常指人)
③可接雙賓語的動詞(有 bring, buy, take, make...等等)
④賓語一般可由名詞, 動名詞, 動詞不定式 ,代詞, 數(shù)詞等充當(dāng)
He reads a book(賓語).
He likes swimming(賓語).
She wants to fly(賓語).
The boy runs to his mother(賓語).
He loves her(賓語).
He wants three(賓語).
He bought her(間接賓語)a coat(直接賓語).
He waits for the chance(賓語).
4
系動詞
①be 動詞 (be→ am,is,are,→was,were,→been)
② 半系動詞 (包括stay, keep, turn, get...等等)
③ 感官系動詞(眼耳鼻口手)
The food goes(系動詞) bad.
The day turns(系動詞) long.
He gets(系動詞)angry.
He seems(系動詞) ill.
5
表語
①用在系動詞之后的成分
②一般可由名詞, 形容詞, 動名詞, 動詞不定式, 代詞, 數(shù)詞, 介詞短語等充當(dāng)
She is a doctor(表語).
The cloth feels soft(表語).
His favorite sport is running(表語).
The helper is him(表語).
Your task is to find out the cost(表語).
The lucky number in China is eight(表語).
She isin the room(表語).
6
定語
①用來修飾或限制名詞或代詞的成分
②一般可由 形容詞, 非謂語動詞, 名詞, 數(shù)詞, 冠詞, 介詞短語等充當(dāng)
Nice (定語)girl;
something to eat(定語);
sleeping(定語) baby;
three(定語)cups
Burnt (定語)food ;
cat in the room(定語)
shoe(定語) shop ;
7
狀語
①用來修飾動詞, 形容詞, 副詞 或 整個句子的成分
②一般可由 副詞 或 介詞短語 充當(dāng)
Walk slowly(狀語);
very (狀語)good;
quite(狀語)well;
He lives there for ten years(狀語).
8
補(bǔ)語
①一般包括賓語補(bǔ)足語和主語補(bǔ)足語
②補(bǔ)充說明賓語或主語 做(干)……, 或是……
③是一般由動詞、非謂語動詞或形容詞,名詞充當(dāng)
She encouraged her students to study hard(補(bǔ)語).
He gets the floor clean(補(bǔ)語).
He saw a bird flying over his head(補(bǔ)語).
She thinks him a good teacher(補(bǔ)語).
9
同位語
①處于與中心詞同一地位的成分, 補(bǔ)充說明或強(qiáng)調(diào)中心詞的性質(zhì)身份等
②一般可由反身代詞,名詞充當(dāng)
Our teacher, Miss Gao(同位語), is kind.
He, himself(同位語) will go there.
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