《考試說明》中評分原則部分規(guī)定，讀后續(xù)寫閱卷時按5個檔次給分。參考最高檔次第五檔（21-25分）的描述并考慮寫作部分評分的其它因素，可以認(rèn)為一篇優(yōu)秀的讀后續(xù)寫具備以下特征：
1. 內(nèi)容豐富充實，與所給短文融洽連貫；
2. 連接成分應(yīng)用得當(dāng)，行文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊一體，與所提供各段落開頭語的銜接緊密合理；
3. 使用并用下劃線標(biāo)示5個以上短文中標(biāo)出的關(guān)鍵詞語；
4. 詞匯豐富高級，語法準(zhǔn)確多變（主被動句式、各類從句、特殊句式、非謂語動詞等的使用情況靈活恰當(dāng)、不拘一格、游刃有余）；
5. 詞數(shù)充分，150詞左右。評分細則規(guī)定少于130詞的，從總分中減去2分；
6. 拼寫準(zhǔn)確，英式或美式拼法皆可；
7. 標(biāo)點合理，使用得當(dāng)。
讀后續(xù)寫基本是以記敘文為主，而記敘文是以記人敘事為主要內(nèi)容，以敘述為主要表達方式來反映豐富多彩的現(xiàn)實生活的一種文體。一般來說，完成一篇完整的記敘文寫作，需要選取合適的角度、按照一定的順序組織素材進行敘述，其中包括六個基本要素：時間、地點、人物，事情的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果，即我們通常所說的五個“W”（what, who, when, where, why）和一個“H”（how）。除此之外，鮮明的主題和生動的語言，也是一篇優(yōu)秀的記敘文所不可或缺的。
描寫作為記敘文的一種輔助的表達方式對加強文章的表現(xiàn)力發(fā)揮著重要的作用，它要求我們善于捕捉細節(jié)、刻畫細節(jié)，有時還可以用上比喻、擬人、夸張等修辭手法。一篇好的作文往往因為一兩處細節(jié)描寫而出彩。同樣地，議論、抒情的表達方式對記敘文主題的展現(xiàn)也發(fā)揮著重要的作用。
一、情感心理描寫
在寫作中，對人物情感的描寫常常能使人物的形象顯得生動鮮活。人的情感可以分很多種，如喜悅、滿意、失望、悲傷、憎恨、憤怒、驚訝、恐懼、贊賞等等。在英語中有很多不同的詞和句式來表達這些不同的情感。
喜悅
1. He is very happy and sweet. 他又高興又甜蜜。
2. They didn’t know what to do with themselves for joy. 他們高興得不知道怎么辦好。
3. He jumped for fun. 他高興得跳了起來。
4. Her face brightened up. 她喜形于色。
More examples:
1. The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
2. His eyes twinkled with pleasure.
3. I was wild with joy.
4. I was pleased beyond description.
5. She wore a shining smile on her face.
6. Her smile lit up the whole room.
7. She shed tears of joy.
8. She was overflowing with happiness.
9. Her flushed face was shining with excitement.
10. I was floating on air.
滿意
1. The result is satisfactory. 結(jié)果令人滿意。
2. It is difficult to please everybody. 眾口難調(diào)。
3. There is always a smile of contentment on her face. 她臉上總是掛著心滿意足的微笑。
4. She belongs to those who are very difficult to satisfy. 她屬于那種極難討好的人。
5. Seeing their task finished gives them a sense of satisfaction. 看到任務(wù)完成了，他們感到很滿意。
驚訝
1. I’m surprised to find you here. 在這里看到你我很奇怪。
2. It’s nothing to be surprised about. 這不值得大驚小怪。
3. To my surprise, he didn’t come yesterday. 令我吃驚的是他昨天沒有來。
4. She looked at me in amazement. 她驚奇的看著我。
5. Her appearance fairly took my breath away. 她的美貌令我神魂顛倒。
6. Everyone looked at her in astonishment. 大家都驚訝地看著她。
悲傷
1. He looks so sad. 他看起來很悲傷。
2. He is no stranger to sorrow. 他生活在悲傷中。
3. His sad story makes her feel pity. 他的悲慘經(jīng)歷使她深表同情。
4. His wife’s disease took away his appetite. 妻子的病令他茶飯不思。
5. The news depresses her. 這個消息讓她愁苦。
More examples:
1. He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks.
2. I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
3. Hearing the news, so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine.
4. She burst into tears and ran out of the room.
5. She sobbed, hiding her face in her hands.
6. I tried to fight back tears.
7. My eyes were filled with tears.
8. A frown（皺眉）now stood on his face.
9. These days he was in low spirits.
憤怒
1. She was burning with anger. 她怒火中燒。
2. He easily loses his temper. 他很容易發(fā)脾氣。
3. He was in a rage. 他大發(fā)雷霆。
4. She was red with anger. 她因為發(fā)怒臉漲得通紅。
More examples:
1. I was seized by anger.
2. His anger boiled over.
3. He could hardly/scarcely contain his rage.
4. His voice trembled with anger.
5. He gave me a look of burning anger.
6. He glared at me with burning eyes.
7. His face clouded with anger.
感動
1. Touched deeply/immensely, we…
2. Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfelt gratitude.
3. With tears streaming down her face, she...
害怕
①He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror.
③She was struck with horror when...
④She was choked by fear.
⑤Her face turned pale and stood there tongue-tied.
⑥Fear flooded over him.
⑦Her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly suffocated（窒息）.
⑧She shook all over, feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
二、動作描寫
動作描寫也是描寫人的重要一點。利用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語對表達人們的心理和性格有很大的幫助。
表達說話的動詞：
speak:說，講，說話，演說。著重開口發(fā)音。
say:說，說話。意義非常廣泛，是一般用語。著重內(nèi)容，指連貫的說話。
talk:講，說話。著重說話的動作，而不著重所說的話。它多指兩個人或多個人在一起講話。
tell:說，告訴，講。指把一件事情傳達給別人或講述一個故事等。有連續(xù)敘述的意思。
chat:閑談，聊天。多指非正式的，輕松的，愉快的，沒有中心地、沒有特殊目的地談話或聊天。含有親熱的意味。
1. gossip:只在后面說人是非，閑談他人的事情。
2. Can you child speak yet? 你的孩子會說話了嗎？
3. He said he wanted to go to town. 他說他想去城里。
4. I want to talk to you about an urgent matter. 我想和你談一件緊急的事。
5. Tell me what happened. 告訴我發(fā)生了什么事。
6. They dropped in for a chat last night. 他們昨晚順便來閑聊了一會兒。
7. You shouldn’t listen to gossip. 你不應(yīng)該聽流言蜚語。
表示笑的動詞：
smile:“微笑”。通常指好意的微笑，無聲的微笑，如表示親切、愉快等。
laugh:“笑”，“發(fā)笑”。指一般的笑。
beam:“笑”。指面露喜色，帶有笑容的意思。
1. She smiled when she saw me. 她看見我時露出微笑。
2. We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她說了個笑話，我們都大聲笑起來。
3. He beamed on his visitors. 他對著客人們微笑。
表示哭我們可以說：
cry:“哭泣”、“流淚”。意義及用法最廣泛。多強調(diào)聲音，指呼號和叫喊地哭，一般由于痛苦，悲哀，恐懼，也可能是歡呼引起的。
weep:“哭泣”、“流淚”。指不出聲的哭，著重在由于悲傷而流淚。
sob:“哽咽”，“嗚咽”，“啜泣”。指盡力抑制自己的感情時發(fā)出抽泣的聲音。也可以指哭訴。
1. She started to cry when she heard the sad news. 當(dāng)她聽到這個悲痛的消息時，她開始哭了。
2. She wept the death of the child. 她哀悼孩子的死亡。
3. The child sobbed loudly. 這個孩子大聲地哭泣。
表示走的動詞：
go:“走”，意義范圍較廣，是一般用語。表示向一定的地點運動。
walk:“步行”，“走”。表示有目的或無目的的步行、散步、游玩。
pace:“走過”，“踱步”。尤指以普通的步子走。
wander:“徘徊”，“到處走”，“漫游”。側(cè)重?zé)o確定路線。
1. We went by plane. 我們是乘飛機去的。
2. I can’t walk about in this heat. 在這種大熱天我簡直無法走動。
3. The fence is only ten paces from the house. 圍墻離屋子只有十步遠。4. The children wandered in the woods. 孩子們在森林里漫步。
動作描寫美句欣賞
1. The first actor was dragging through the snow when the second began walking towards him trembling with cold.
第一位演員在雪地里拖著腳步艱難移動，這時候第二位演員朝他走去，身子在寒氣中不僅顫抖。
2. I still remember the shock that rooted me flat against the wall.
我仍然記得當(dāng)時驚呆了，靠在墻上，一動不動。
3. The pounding in my ears drowned out the rest of the words, only a word here and there filtered through.
我的耳朵里嗡嗡作響，聽不見他們后來講的話，只是東一點西一點滲入的只言片語。
4. I stared at him in shock and a small sound of dismay escaped my throat.
我驚愕地盯著他，不禁發(fā)出輕輕的沮喪聲。
5. Standing with all the dignity I could muster, I said nothing.
帶著所有的尊嚴(yán)，我站在那里一句話都沒說。
6. I clasped my hands behind my back so he wouldn’t see them shaking.
我緊握著雙手藏在背后，這樣他就看不見我的手在發(fā)抖。
7. The last words came out in an eager rush.
最后幾個字是急切地蹦出來的。
8. He went back to hoeing the weeds that sprang up between the delicate little bean plants.
他又去鋤生在在青嫩的豆苗間的雜草了。
9. The next day, it was a very sad and withdrawn girl who dragged into the principal's office.
第二天，我沉默不語，一副十分傷心的小女孩的模樣，拖著腳步走近校長辦公室。
10. He looked out of the window, biting his lips, as if thinking.
他一邊看著窗外，一邊咬著嘴唇，仿佛在思考。
三、練一練
找找下面的勵志美文中動作、神態(tài)、心理描寫
If the Dream Is Big Enough, the Facts Don’t Count
I used to watch her from my kitchen window, she seemed so small as she muscled her way through the crowd of boys on the playground. The school was across the street from our home and I would often watch the kids as they played during recess. A sea of children, and yet to me, she stood out from them all.
I remembered the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids. She managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could.
I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone. She would practice dribbling and shooting over and over again, sometimes until dark. One day I asked her why she practiced so much. She looked directly in my eyes and without a moment of hesitation. She said, “I want to go to college. The only way I can go is if I get a scholarship. I like basketball. I decided that if I were good enough, I would get a scholarship. I am going to play college basketball. I want to be the best. My Daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.” I had seen over and over again.
Well, I had to give it to her—she was determined. I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her varsity team to victory.
One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head cradled in her arms. I walked across the street and sat down in the cool grass beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong. “Oh, nothing,” came a soft reply. “I am just too short.” The coach told her that at5’5”she would probably never get to play for a top ranked team—much less offered a scholarship—so she should stop dreaming about college.
She was heartbroken and I felt my own throat tighten as I sensed her disappointment. I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She lifted her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches were wrong. They just did not understand the power of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to play for a good college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, that nothing could stop her except one thing — her own attitude. He told her again, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.”
The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was seen by a college recruiter. She was indeed offered a scholarship, a full ride, to a Division I, NCAA women’s basketball team. She was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years.
It’s true: If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.
心中有目標(biāo)，風(fēng)雨不折腰
我曾經(jīng)常常從廚房窗口觀察她，她用力擠過操場上的一群男生時顯得那么瘦小。學(xué)校在我們房子的對面，經(jīng)?？梢钥匆姾⒆觽冊谡n間休息的時候玩耍。那里有一大群孩子，但是對于我來說，她在人群中一樣突出。
我記得第一次看見她時，她正在打籃球。我驚奇地看著她繞著那些孩子跑。她越過其他孩子的頭頂成功投進球。男孩們總是試圖攔阻她，但是沒人能做到。我開始在其他時候注意她，她總是獨自一人，手里拿著籃球練習(xí)。她一次次地練習(xí)帶球，射籃，有時一直持續(xù)到天黑。有一天我問她為什么這么勤奮地練習(xí)。她直視著我的眼睛，毫不猶豫地說：“我想上大學(xué)。只有獲得獎學(xué)金我才能上學(xué)。我喜歡籃球。我決定了如果我足夠優(yōu)秀，我就可以獲得獎學(xué)金。我打算進校隊。我想成為最優(yōu)秀的球員。爸爸告訴我心中有目標(biāo)，風(fēng)雨不折腰?！?/p>
之后她微微一笑，跑向球場去做一遍遍的練習(xí)。是啊，我得承認(rèn)——她意志很堅定。在初中，高中那些年歲里，我一直看著她。每周，她都會帶領(lǐng)校隊贏得勝利。她高三那年，我看見她坐在草地上，頭埋進臂彎。
我穿過街道，坐在她旁邊涼涼的草地上。我小聲地問她出什么事了。“哦，沒什么，”她柔和地回答?！拔揖褪翘?。”教練告訴她一米六五的她沒法躋身高水平的球隊——更不用說得獎學(xué)金——所以她不要再奢望上大學(xué)了。她很傷心，感覺到她的失望我也覺得喉頭發(fā)緊。
我問她有沒有把這事告訴她父親。她從臂彎中抬起頭，說她父親說那些教練是錯誤的。他們不知道夢想的力量。他告訴她如果她真的想進一所好大學(xué)打球，如果她真的想得到獎學(xué)金，沒有事情可以阻擋她，除了一樣?xùn)|西——她自己的態(tài)度。他對她說：“心中有目標(biāo),風(fēng)雨不折腰?！钡诙?，當(dāng)她和她的隊伍進入北加州錦標(biāo)賽時，她被一位大學(xué)招聘人員接見。她真的獲得了獎學(xué)金，并且成為NCAA女子籃球隊一隊正式球員。她這么多年夢寐以求和不斷拼搏的大學(xué)之夢終于圓了。
心中有目標(biāo)，風(fēng)雨不折腰。的確如此。
聯(lián)系客服
