I.It 作形式主語的句型
①
Eg: It is wise of him to make such adecision.他做出這樣的決定是明智的。
② It + be + adj(easy ,safe , common , normal …) + for sb todo sth
該句型中adj若為important, necessary, natural, possible, strange,vital, essential等可改為從句,從句用should+動詞原形。.
Eg: It’s very dangerous for children to play withfire.
It is important for us to learn Englishwell.
(= It is important that we (should) learn Englishwell.)
③
該句型中:⑴若V-ed為reported, believed,said等常譯為“據(jù)報道”,“據(jù)認(rèn)為”,“據(jù)說”。⑵若V-ed為suggested, ordered, demanded,insisted等表示“建議”,“命令”的詞,從句要用虛擬語氣(should)+動詞原形。
Eg: It is suggested that the book (should) berevised.
It’s said that Tom has been back from abroad.
(=Tom is said to have been back from abroad.)
④
該句型中,從句一般用(should) + 動詞原形,表示出乎意料,常譯為"竟然"。
⑤
此句型中的it是形式主語, 其后的動名詞短語是真正的主語,譯為“做…沒有用”。
Eg : It useless arguing with him further.
It’s no use talking with him, because he won’t listen.
⑥ It takes sb. ... to dosth.
該句型中it是形式主語,真正的賓語是to do sth,常譯為"做...要花費某人..."。
Eg: It took thousands of people many years to buildthe Great Wall.
II.It 作形式賓語的句型
1. sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/consider/ make + it +n/adj +to do或從句
該句型中的it 作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為“6123結(jié)構(gòu)”。6指主句中常用的動詞:think, believe, make, find, consider, feel;1 指的是形式賓語 it;2指的是賓補的兩種形式:形容詞或名詞;3 指的是真正賓語的三種形式:不定式短語,動名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
Eg: We think it our duty to clean our classroomevery day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finishtheir work in two days.
2. 主語+hate / dislike /love / like +it +when-從句
Eg: I hate it when people speak with their mouthsfull.
3. 主語+appreciate+it +if-從句
Eg: I really appreciate it if you could help mewith my math.
4.
Eg: You may rely on it that he won’t be late.
5.
III.
⑴
該句型中從句一般用過去時態(tài),句意為“自從......以來已多久了”
Eg : It is 5 minutes since the bus left.公汽開走已有5分鐘了
⑵
該句型中,主句謂語動詞be若為肯定式,意為“過多久才......”;若為否定式時,意為“沒過多久就......”。
Eg : It will be 3 hours before he comesback.要過三個小時他才會回來
It was 3 hours before he came back. 過了三個小時他才回來
⑶
這個句型中, it 代指時間,表示時間點的詞前沒有介詞。
Eg : It will be Monday when he comes back.他周一的時候回來.
It was Monday when he came back. 他周一回來的.
對比:It was on Monday that he came back . (強調(diào)句)
⑷
意為“該是某人做…的時候了”,about/high是用于加強語氣,that從句用should或動詞一般過去時表虛擬。亦可轉(zhuǎn)換成 It + is+ time+(for sb )to do sth.
Eg : It’s (high/about) time (that) we handed in/should hand inour homework.
⑸
意為“這是某人第…次做…”,注意time前有序數(shù)詞,主句是 is 時,從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時;如果主句用was ,則從句須用過去完成時。
Eg : It is the third time that I have seen thefilm.
That was the second time that I have beenthere.
IV. It 引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)句
☆強調(diào)句形式:It + is/was +被強調(diào)的部分+that/who 從句
Eg: It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.
It was because he was ill that he didn't come toschool yesterday.
(強調(diào)原因狀語從句時,只能強調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句.)
☆判斷方法:將Itis/was和that去掉,若該句是一個完整無缺的句子即為強調(diào)句.
☆??伎键c:
①強調(diào)句型中的主謂一致
Eg: It is you,rather than he,that are to blame for theaccident.
②插入從句的強調(diào)句型
Eg: It was in the restaurant where we had dinner last Sundaythat you left your wallet.
③強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句、特殊疑問句形式
一般疑問句:Is / Was it + 被強調(diào)部分+that + 句子其余部分 ?
Eg: Was it in 1933 that the Second World War brokeout?
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+ be + it + that +句子其余部分?
Eg: When was it that he changed his mind to takepart in the activity?
④強調(diào)句型用于名詞性從句, 尤其注意要使用陳述語序。
⑤not until用于強調(diào)句型
It is / was not until +被強調(diào)部分+that +其他部分
Eg : It was not until midnight that she went backhome.
此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是強調(diào)句型,till和until可通用。因為句型中Itis / was not...已經(jīng)是否定句了,that后面的從句要用肯定句。
V. It其他常見用法:
It looks / appears as if ... 看起來好像……
It seems that ... 似乎……
It turns out that... 原來是……
It occurs to/strikes sb that… 突然想到……
It happened that ... 碰巧……
It doesn’t matter whether/if…無論是…沒關(guān)系
It is no wonder that 難怪…
It all depends/that all depends.那得看情況
It's up to sb.由……決定,由……負(fù)責(zé),取決于……
as it is (1)事實上,實際情況是……; (2)照原樣
make it成功、做到、說定
Believe it or not.信不信由你
How did it come about that … “……怎么發(fā)生的?”
完成句子鞏固練習(xí):
1.
我剛要出發(fā)去機場,這時我突然想起我把護照落在起居室了。
2.
你不知道,充分利用一切機會讓自己的生活更加充實,這對我們來說有多重要。
3.
中國究竟是什么時候成功發(fā)射了神舟八號的?
4.
這是我第一次承擔(dān)如此重要的任務(wù),但不管怎樣,我對自己有信心。
5.
已經(jīng)宣布,我們下個月將會有一個三天的假期。
6.
自從他參軍以來已經(jīng)有十年了。
7.
每種看待事物的方式都提高我們的理解力并且使得發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物更容易。
8.
教授不知道還要多久才能將這種藥在病人身上試驗。
9.
究竟有多少新技術(shù)將成為現(xiàn)實還有待觀察。
10. It was in the village where you once lived__________________(happen)
這起事故就發(fā)生在你曾經(jīng)生活過的村莊。
11.
信息技術(shù)發(fā)展如此之快,以致于難以預(yù)測電腦在今后20年里能做些什么。
12.
他學(xué)習(xí)勤奮,而且效率高,難怪他門門學(xué)科表現(xiàn)突出。
13.
你可以相信,無論什么時候只要你有困難,我都會來幫你。
14.
我的英語老師建議我養(yǎng)成每晚睡覺前聽半個小時英語節(jié)目的習(xí)慣。
15.
你可以放心,他絕不會做任何對我們的友誼有害的事情的。
16. You must
你必須確保在你離開之前所有的燈都關(guān)掉了。
17.
是誰從St. Petersburg 廣場移走銅像的?
18. It was the computer that broke down halfway
19. I wonder
我在想是什么使他生意做得如此成功。
20. It was at the G20 meeting
213. It is completely wrong of George
224. It was not long
23. It is widely acknowledged that perseveranceis
24. It’s high time that we
25.
直到第二次世界大戰(zhàn),弗雷明發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性才被完全認(rèn)可。
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