(一)基本用法英語中的句子按照其功能或用途分,主要包括:陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。英語中的陳述句是用來陳述事實或表達(dá)觀點的句子,從至關(guān)重要的信息到微小的細(xì)節(jié),其句末一般用句號(.)。作為最簡單的信息交流方式,陳述句是英語中最常見的句子類型,而不是疑問句、感嘆句和祈使句。陳述句可分為肯定句和否定句兩大類,其否定句一般是通過not來表達(dá)。如:He is a student. / He is not a student.He likes apples. / He does not like apples.He can drive a car. / He cannot drive a car.(二)其他功能英語中的陳述句還具有以下功能:1、提問此時的句子雖然形式上采用了陳述句語序,但卻是用來表達(dá)疑問的,其句末為問號。如: She is a spy?(她是個間諜?) 2、表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈情緒情感此時的句子的句末用的是感嘆號。如:Paris is so beautiful!(巴黎這么美?。。?/section> 3、發(fā)出指令此時的句子采用了陳述句的形式,卻表達(dá)了祈使句的功能。如: You will now sit.(你現(xiàn)在坐下?。?/section>(三)五大句式英語中的陳述句根據(jù)其謂語動詞的用法不同,主要包括以下五種句式:1、主謂型(SV型)即“(Subjcet)+謂語(Verb)”,此時充當(dāng)謂語的動詞是不及物動詞,如: He has left. She is crying. 2、主謂賓型(SVO型)即“主語(Subjcet)+謂語(Verb)+賓語(Object)”,此時充當(dāng)謂語的動詞是及物動詞,如:I will take a walk. They drank some coffee. 3、主謂雙賓型(SVO1O2型)即“主語(Subjcet)+謂語(Verb)+直接賓語(Direct Object)+間接賓語(Indirect Object)”,此時充當(dāng)謂語的動詞是雙賓動詞,其后接表物的直接賓語和表人的間接賓語,而且兩個賓語的位置可以前后變化。如: She gave me two bananas. She gave two bananas to me.He bought me a cake. He bought a cake for me. 4、主謂賓補(bǔ)型(SVOC型) 即“主語(Subjcet)+謂語(Verb)+賓語(Object)+補(bǔ)語(Complement)”,此時的補(bǔ)語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的狀況的。如:I found the room empty. She thinks it easy to learn English well. 5、主系表型(SVP型) 即“主語(Subjcet)+系動詞(Link verb)+表語(Predicative)”,此時充當(dāng)謂語的是整個系表結(jié)構(gòu),其中的動詞為系動詞。如:The flowers smell swee. The dish tastes yummy. The man looks sad. 【注意】 There be句型是在以上五大句式之外的特殊句式,主要用來表達(dá)某地有某人或物或事,其基本用法為:There be+人/物/事+地點。如: There is a girl at the gate. There are two pens and one pencil on the desk. There has been great changes in our town recently. (四)句子語序英語句子的基本語序為:主語?謂語?賓語?狀語。如:She is taking a walk in the park.I cut the apple with a knife. They went to the museum yesterday. 要了解更多英語語法知識,請掃碼加好友申請入群: