為方便孩子們更容易梳理英語知識點,下面將以英語基礎知識、語法知識、句法三部分內(nèi)容分別進行學習,希望能給孩子的英語學習添磚加瓦,讓孩子學習更上一層樓!
后元音:[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u :] [?] [?]
Ⅰ.合口雙元音(5個)[ai] [ei] [au] [?u] [?i]
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
a) 單數(shù)后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的復數(shù)名詞后加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 結尾的復數(shù)后加 ’s children’s shoes
l 并列名詞中,如果把 ’s加在最后一個名詞后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關系:
如:a picture of the classroom a map of China
(1)不定冠詞:a / an a unit / an uncle
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)復述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序數(shù)詞前: John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定詞組中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.
(3)復數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節(jié)日,日期,月份,季節(jié)前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.
(9)固定詞組中:at noon at night by bus
they(他們/她們/它們)themtheir(他們的/她們的/它們的)
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
⑶ 以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別(有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動)
2.副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同(不規(guī)則變化:well-better, far-farther)
先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand.第二個“,”前為million,第三個“,”前為billion
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
(4)從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點鐘(黎明、午夜、中午)
(2)在圣誕節(jié),應說at Christmas?而不說on Christmas?
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
1. be動詞:主語+be(am, is, are)+其它。如: I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。
2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我們學習英語。
當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
① 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e結尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)現(xiàn)在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞
動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規(guī)則:
① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 結尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”來回答。
2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數(shù),be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。
4、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑問句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑問句。
How many + 名詞復數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語?
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